The invention belongs to the technical field of natural extracts, and specifically relates to a polyrhachis vicina roger extract as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method comprises the step of extracting the improved polyrhachis vicina roger extract by a process of ethanol extraction, petroleum ether extraction and silica gel chromatogram column separation. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and practicable, convenient and easily available in raw material source, capable of being used for massively preparing the polyrhachis vicina roger extract, low in cost, less in pollution, beneficial to large-scale production under energy conservation and emission reduction conditions, and quite explicit in industrialization prospect. The improved extract can be used for preparing medicines for treating hypertension, hyperlipemia, atherosclerosis, adiposity, insulin resistance, nephropathy, inflammations, infectious diseases, tumour lysis syndrome, climacteric syndrome, organ transplantation complications, obstructive sleep apnea and primary sjogren syndrome caused by metabolic disorders of uric acid, and has a good prospect in both applications for foods and health products and applications for special diseases.