Method for improving test-crossing and back-crossing efficiency during breeding process of hybrid rice

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving test-crossing and back-crossing efficiency during a breeding process of hybrid rice. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing and treating a test-crossing sterile line: selecting first flower nodes or rice heads of the sterile line, which can flower tomorrow or at the day after tomorrow and have no plant diseases and insect pests after the end of flowering of a hybrid rice maintenance line and a restorer line at 16:00 pm or before flowering of the hybrid rice maintenance line and the restorer line in the morning of the next day, cutting off part of sword-like leaves and cutting off flowered glumous flowers or glumous flowers which are too small and tender; slightly shaking the well treated rice ears of the sterile line to disperse spikelets, completely spraying and wetting the rice ears by using a spray can containing 4mmol / L of jasmonic acid methyl ester and 0.01% of Tween treatment fluid till no liquid beads drip; and sheathing the rice ears after treatment by using a hybridization bag marked with the serial number of the sterile line of a female parent, the serial number of the restorer line of a male parent, pollination date and other information; and (2) pollinating: wrapping cuts of the rice ears of the male parent to preserve moisture by using absorbent cotton soaking with clear water before pollination. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the quality and the working efficiency of test-crossed and back-crossed F1 seeds.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology, and relates to a method for improving the efficiency of test cross and backcross in the process of hybrid rice breeding. Background technique [0002] The successful research of hybrid rice is a major breakthrough in rice breeding and a green revolution in rice production, which provides an effective new way to greatly increase rice yield. In the past 60 years, China's high-yielding rice breeding work can be divided into three main stages. In the 1950s, rice breeding mainly increased the yield per unit area by improving local farm varieties; in the 1960s, through the transformation of tall stalks into short stalks centered on plant type breeding, and the improvement of local tall stalk varieties through systematic selection and inter-variety hybridization, rice breeding was improved. Unit quantity; Since the 1970s, the breakthrough of hybrid rice breeding technology has realized the matchi...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0012] Due to the heavy rainfall, high humidity in the field, and the lack of glume protection for the glume test cross seeds, it took a lot of manual work to obtain the test cross seeds, and there was still a lot of mildew; when the hybrid bag was opened for ventilation, it was possible for Lepidoptera larvae to enter gnawing

Therefore, in order to prevent mildew and insects, it is often necessary to open the bag for a certain period of time to spray antibacterial and insecticidal pesticides, which increases the workload and cost. At the same time, spraying pesticides will also cause adverse effects on the environment.

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