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Integrated transformer balun with enhanced common-mode rejection for radio frequency, microwave, and millimeter-wave integrated circuits

A millimeter wave, transformer technology, applied in variable inductor/transformer, inductor/transformer/magnet manufacturing, discontinuous variable inductor/transformer, etc., can solve problems involving transformer common mode signal power and other issues

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-08-13
NOKIA TECHNOLOGLES OY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The common-mode conversion gain is defined similarly, but with reference to the common-mode signal power at the transformer secondary

Method used

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  • Integrated transformer balun with enhanced common-mode rejection for radio frequency, microwave, and millimeter-wave integrated circuits
  • Integrated transformer balun with enhanced common-mode rejection for radio frequency, microwave, and millimeter-wave integrated circuits
  • Integrated transformer balun with enhanced common-mode rejection for radio frequency, microwave, and millimeter-wave integrated circuits

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Embodiment Construction

[0086] According to an example embodiment of the present invention, the asymmetrical impedance of the primary coil (the asymmetric impedance capacitively and inductively coupled to the secondary coil), the common-mode rejection of the transformer balun can be enhanced. The self-resonant frequency of the transformer balun can also be enhanced by this method due to the reduced need for added capacitance at either or both of the primary and secondary coil center taps. Intuitively, the improved common-mode rejection of the transformer balun—and the concomitant reduction in capacitance required on the transformer secondary to maximize common-mode rejection—is due to the introduction of a rotating asymmetrical. This rotational asymmetry seeks to counteract the impedance asymmetry in the primary coil.

[0087] To be compatible with manufacturing technology, integrated circuit design rules may restrict drawn shapes to have edges oriented at 45 or 90 degrees with respect to the die e...

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Abstract

Apparatus and method example embodiments provide an improved common mode rejection ratio in high frequency transformer baluns. According to an example embodiment of the invention, an apparatus comprises a first winding of at least one turn forming a primary coil, having first and second differential leads oriented in a first direction, the primary coil formed in a first conductive layer over a substrate and the first differential lead of the primary coil being grounded; and a second winding of at least one turn forming a secondary coil, having a third and fourth differential leads oriented in a second direction offset by an angle of greater than zero degrees and less than 180 degrees from the first direction, the secondary coil formed in a second conductive layer separated by an insulating layer from the first conductive layer.

Description

technical field [0001] The field of the invention relates to radio frequency, microwave, and millimeter wave circuits used in communication, radar, and imaging systems. Background technique [0002] RF, microwave, and millimeter wave integrated circuits are critical to the functionality of wireless communication, radar, and imaging systems. Integrated circuit design at these frequencies requires the use of on-chip passive electrical components such as resistors, inductors, capacitors, and transformers. Transformers and balanced-to-unbalanced (balun) devices are commonly used in wireless communications. Transformers are often used to couple differential RF, microwave, or mmWave frequency signals between functional circuit blocks. Baluns are used for single-ended to differential conversion or differential to single-ended conversion of signals. The effectiveness of this conversion should be maximized in a useful balun design to maximize signal power in the desired mode (eg, ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01F19/00H01F41/00
CPCH01F2027/2809H01F2021/125H01F21/12H01F27/292H01F41/041Y10T29/4902H01F27/29H01F41/04
Inventor P·S·斯沃亨A·P·汤利
Owner NOKIA TECHNOLOGLES OY
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