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Apple tree top-grafting variety-changing method

A high-quality, high-quality apple tree technology, applied in botany equipment and methods, grafting, horticulture, etc., can solve the problems of slow crown, low survival rate, and easy disease of fruit trees

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-03-16
张掖市林业科学研究院
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for grafting apple tree heights to solve the problems of low ear survival rate after grafting in the current grafting method, very slow re-formation of tree shape and crown of fruit trees, and easy occurrence of diseases in fruit trees.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] a. Preparation before grafting

[0023] A.1 scion collection: collection of scion is carried out after the fall of apple trees in autumn to before the sap of the next year begins to flow, and the 1-year-old branches with full growth and full bud body in the middle and upper part of the periphery of the crown are collected as the scion;

[0024] a.2 Scion storage: After scion collection, every 50 or 100 scions are bundled into a bundle, and the species is marked. Select a shady place near the grafting area to dig a ditch, place the scion in the ditch, fill it with wet sand, and store it in frozen soil layer below.

[0025] b. Pruning of the original tree and selection of grafted branches: b.1 Inferior apple trees aged 5-15 years can be used as high-quality rootstocks for single-branch grafting; Pruning, select grafted branches, and carry out pruning within 15-20 minutes before grafting;

[0026] b.2 Shape trimming is divided into four steps:

[0027] Step 1: Keep only...

Embodiment 2

[0035] a. Preparation before grafting

[0036] A.1 scion collection: collection of scion is carried out after the fall of apple trees in autumn to before the sap of the next year begins to flow, and the 1-year-old branches with full growth and full bud body in the middle and upper part of the periphery of the crown are collected as the scion;

[0037] a.2 Scion storage: After scion collection, every 50 or 100 scions are bundled into a bundle, and the species is marked. Select a shady place near the grafting area to dig a ditch, place the scion in the ditch, fill it with wet sand, and store it in frozen soil layer below.

[0038] b. The pruning of the original tree and the selection and retention of grafted branches

[0039] b.1 Inferior apple trees with a tree age of 5-15 years can be used as high-quality rootstocks for branchlet single-bud grafting; Shape trimming within 20 minutes;

[0040] b.2 Shape trimming is divided into four steps:

[0041] Step 1: Keep only the 3 m...

Embodiment 3

[0053] Embodiment 3: management after grafting is carried out to embodiment 1 or 2: irrigate a water in time after grafting, check survival rate after 10 days, if survival rate is low, can carry out grafting work; The buds are wiped off, and the binding material is released after 60-70 days. Strengthen field management, pay attention to monitoring of diseases and insect pests, and do a good job in management according to specific conditions.

[0054] "Analysis of Advantages of Different Grafting Apples"

[0055] 1. Analysis of survival rate of different grafting methods (see Table 1)

[0056]

[0057] It can be seen from Table 1 that the single-bud grafting of twigs can greatly save buds, and the survival rate is much higher than that of the backbone grafting. Moreover, it can be seen from the growth rate of new shoots that the healing speed of the graft wound is faster than that of the backbone grafting. quick.

[0058] 2. Analysis of the crown forming speed of different ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses an apple tree top-grafting variety-changing method, so as to solve problems that ear survival rate is low after grafting by a present scion grafting method, and a fruit tree forming a tree form and a crown is very slow, and fruit trees easily get diseases. The method comprises steps of preparing before grafting, selecting grafting branches, grafting, and managing after grafting. The process of selecting grafting branches comprises: using poor-quality apple trees whose tree-age is 5-15 years as stocks of branchlet single-bud top-grafting variety changing, and shaping pruning including four steps. The apple tree top-grafting variety-changing method uses branchlets to perform top-grafting variety changing, and updates variety of poor-quality apple trees, single-bud scions are used in grafting, and most branchlets whose thickness is more than 0.5-3 cm on a big apple tree whose tree-age is more than 5-15 years are reserved, and the apple tree is cut from the height of 4-5 cm, and is used as a grafting stock, and the scion with a single bud is reserved. Using the method, grafting ears survival rate reaches 99%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fruit tree grafting, and in particular relates to a method for grafting apple trees. Background technique [0002] Replacement of high-quality fruit trees is the main way to transform low-quality orchards. It is one of the main methods to propagate plant varieties by asexual reproduction. The technology of high-quality grafting has been used for many years. The cross-section of the side branches and other large branches) is used as the grafting site, and the grafting method is used for grafting. After this method is highly grafted, the survival rate of the ears is low, and the tree shape and crown of the fruit tree are very slow to re-form. It will take at least 3-5 years to re-hang fruit , and because the grafting wound is too large, fruit trees are prone to diseases, and the cost of grafting is very high, which seriously affects the economic benefits of the orchard, dampens the confidence of the orchard growers i...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01G1/06A01G17/00
CPCA01G2/30A01G17/005
Inventor 马力陈斌占玉芳冯军仁鲁延芳张永霞
Owner 张掖市林业科学研究院
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