High-altitude tunnel staged fire extinguishing and rescue system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-altitude tunnel staged fire extinguishing and rescue system and method. The system comprises a water mist fire extinguishing subsystem, an anti-settling smoke control subsystem, a thermal barrier effect and smoke suction penetration prevention subsystem and a staged oxygen supply subsystem. The water mist fire extinguishing subsystem controls a water mist nozzle through a sensing controller and sprays water mist according to the temperature; the anti-settling smoke control subsystem adjusts the position of a jet fan main body through a lifting sliding device to prevent smoke from settling and diffusing; the thermal barrier effect and smoke suction penetration prevention subsystem is used for preventing the smoke suction penetration phenomenon from occurring by filling heated nitrogen into a smoke outlet where the smoke suction penetration phenomenon possibly occurs, opening a vertical baffle wall and adjusting a shutter; and the staged oxygen supply subsystem is arranged in the pedestrian crosswalk, and oxygen supply and basic medical treatment of people escaping to the crosswalk are guaranteed. According to the system provided by the invention, fire and smoke control can be carried out in time when a fire occurs in the high-altitude highway tunnel, and basic survival and medical conditions of to-be-rescued personnel in the high-altitude tunnel are guaranteed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel road rescue, in particular to a staged fire fighting and rescue system and method for high-altitude tunnels. Background technique [0002] Due to the altitude, the temperature in the long tunnel at high altitude is low, the oxygen content in the air is thin, and the environment is worse than that of ordinary tunnels, which will make it more difficult for pedestrians to escape in the event of an emergency; most domestic high-altitude long tunnel rescue programs use An emergency rescue station is set in the middle of the tunnel for the inclined shaft. People can quickly evacuate to a safe area through the emergency rescue station and can rescue themselves or reach the outside of the cave through rescue. The scheme of dense evacuation cross passage is adopted, and the middle section of the cross passage is used as the waiting area. When a fire occurs in one tunnel, the emergency rescue station can stop the trai...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] In high-altitude long tunnels, the smoke mainly gathers at the top of the tunnel during a fire; therefore, the method of centralized smoke exhaust at the top is generally used to control the sinking of the smoke and the diffusion along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel to achieve rapid smoke exhaust and reduce smoke However, due to the low temperature of high-altitude tunnels, the temperature difference in the event of a fire is higher than that of ordinary tunnels. Due to the chimney effect formed in the smoke exhaust shaft, the internal and external pressure differences will be larger, so that the phenomenon of suction will be more frequent, and fires will occur. When the smoke-through phenomenon occurs, the cold air in the lower part of the tunnel is directly sucked into the shaft, resulting in a significant decline in the smoke exhaust effect of the shaft. At present, the research on the smoke-through phenomenon in tunnel fires is mainly to adjust the smoke exhaust efficiency and the distance between the smoke outlets to reduce the However, there is no in-depth research on the special smoke exhaust environment of high-altitude long tunnels, and there is no complete system to prevent suction through

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