The invention provides a transmission line icing predication method based on a multi-element physical quantity mathematical model. The transmission line icing predication method comprises the following steps of: (1) acquiring meteorological parameters including temperature, humidity and wind power at the moment; (2) respectively judging whether the meteorological data at the moment meets the icing conditions that the temperature is within -8-0 DEG C, the humidity is above 90% RH and the wind speed is 2-7m/s, if yes, executing the step (3), and if not, entering the next sampling period, namely, returning to the step (1); (3) comparing data values obtained by a tension sensor with the initial values, if icing is proved to occur on a wire, executing the step (4), otherwise, returning to the step (1); (4) acquiring current ambient pressure through a ground terminal, and calculating the icing thickness b; (5) calculating comprehensive specific gravity of a wire ti at any moment through the parameters including the icing thickness, the temperature, the humidity and the like; and (6) acquiring axial stress Sigma x at the span terminal through the comprehensive specific gravity, calculating the fracture remaining time t, and sending out early warning through the terminal, wherein Sigma x=Sigma max. The transmission line icing predication method realizes effective monitoring and good accuracy.