Method of surgical treatment of intestinal obstructions in narrow and large intestine and device for its implementation

Abstract

This invention relates to medicine, more specifically, to the surgical treatment of intestinal obstructions using the minimum invasive (endoscopic) method. The invention provides the possibility of the surgical treatment of intestinal obstructions along the entire length of the intestine by means of stenting. The technical result achieved by the first and second subjects of the invention is providing the total surgical treatment of intestinal obstructions in the narrow and large intestine by installing a stent at an intestine obstruction location in a manner allowing further moving the stent during its positioning or removal and avoiding damage to the intestine as a result of the surgical manipulations. Said technical objective is achieved with the first subject of the invention, i.e. the method, as follows. The method of surgical treatment of intestinal obstructions in narrow and large intestine comprises the movement of the endoscope across the entire length of the narrow and large intestine and delivering the dilatation balloon and stent system to the obstructed section of the intestine. After the dilatation balloon and stent system is delivered to the obstructed section of the intestine, the dilatation balloon is installed at the intestine obstruction location, and the normal intestine section is restored by inflating the dilatation balloon. Then the volume of the dilatation balloon is reduced, the balloon is retracted to the endoscope, and the stent is installed at the intestine obstruction location. The movement of the dilatation balloon and stent is controlled using a hydraulic piston mechanism. Said technical objective is achieved with the second subject of the invention, i.e. the device, as follows. The endoscope for the total surgical treatment of intestinal obstructions in narrow and large intestine comprises a hydraulic endoscope movement drive and an endoscope case installed in the outer tube. Said endoscope case comprises channels for the supply of gas and liquid into the intestine cavity, an optical channel, a light channel and two manipulation channels. The stent is installed at the distal end of one of said manipulation channels at the central portion of the manipulation shaft which is rigidly mounted on the stent extension piston and has stopping balloons at both ends. The distal end of the other manipulation channel comprises the dilatation balloon mounted on a hollowed manipulation shaft which in turn is rigidly mounted on the dilatation balloon extension piston. The proximal ends of said manipulation channels comprise hydraulic piston mechanisms acting on said dilatation balloon extension piston and on said stent extension piston. Said dilatation balloon and said stent stopping balloons are connected via said gas supply channels to said hydraulic piston mechanisms installed at the proximal ends of said manipulation channels.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to medicine and, more particularly, to the surgical treatment of intestinal obstructions using minimally invasive (endoscopic) methods. The invention enables the surgical treatment of intestinal obstruction along the entire length of the intestinal tract by stenting. Background technique [0002] Surgical treatment of narrow intestinal disease is limited by the possibility of accessing the target area and is therefore performed within the restricted intestinal space. Usual surgery is performed to examine the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract (up to 1.5 m in depth), the entrance being limited by the duodenum. Conventional colonoscopy also allows the treatment of large intestinal obstructions up to 2 m in depth. The remainder of the narrow bowel, which together with the esophagus reaches a total length of 10 m, remains inaccessible for atraumatic stenting. Capsule endoscopy is often used to examine the entire GI tr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] None of the previous attempts to provide an endoscope capable of total diagnosis and treatment of a narrow bowel have been clinically successful

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