Method and device for removing surface waves from seismic records

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and device for removing surface waves from seismic records. The method includes the steps that frequency division scanning is conducted on the seismic records to be processed, and the distribution range of surface wave frequency bands is acquired; according to the distribution range of the surface wave frequency bands, wavelet frequency division is conducted on the seismic records, and the seismic records on different frequency bands are acquired; according to the distribution range of the surface wave frequency bands, the seismic records containing the surface waves are recognized from the seismic records on the different frequency bands, and radial way conversion is conducted on the seismic records containing the surface waves; according to the distribution range of the surface wave frequency bands, the high-pass filtering frequency is determined, and high-pass filtering is conducted on the seismic records acquired after radial way conversion in a radial way domain; Reverse radial way conversion is conducted on the seismic records acquired after high-pass filtering; wavelet reconstruction is conducted on the seismic records acquired after reverse radial way conversion and the seismic records on the different frequency bands and not containing the surface waves, and the seismic records with the surface waves removed are acquired.

Description

technical field [0001] The present application relates to the technical field of petroleum exploration seismic data processing, in particular to a method and device for removing surface waves from seismic records. Background technique [0002] Because surface waves exist extensively and have strong energy, which seriously affects the effective reflection in the middle and deep layers and reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data, surface wave elimination has become an important task in seismic data processing. According to the characteristics of surface waves, we can adopt There are many ways to remove surface waves, such as radial trace transform, wavelet transform, etc., but these single methods of eliminating surface waves often fail to achieve ideal results. [0003] Wavelet transform is the wavelet decomposition of seismic records on multiple different scales. The wavelet transform coefficients obtained by wavelet decomposition on each scale represent the inform...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] Because surface waves exist extensively and have strong energy, which seriously affects the effective reflection in the middle and deep layers and reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data, surface wave elimination has become an important task in seismic data processing. According to the characteristics of surface waves, we can adopt There are many ways to remove surface waves, such as radial trace transform, wavelet transform, etc., but these single methods of eliminating surface waves often fail to achieve the desired effect

[0003] Wavelet transform is the wavelet decomposition of seismic records on multiple different scales. The wavelet transform coefficients obtained by wavelet decomposition on each scale represent the information of the original seismic records at different times or frequencies, so that surface waves can be used The difference in frequency with the effective wave distinguishes the surface wave from the effective wave, and then removes the surface wave, but the surface wave removed by wavelet transform has residuals, and the denoising ability is weak

[0004] Radial trace transformation is a simple geometric seismic trace mapping algorithm. Due to the huge difference in speed between surface waves and seismic records, this method distinguishes surface waves from effective seismic records through the transformation of the coordinate system, and then Remove surface waves, but some valid seismic records will also be removed

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