Vertical preheater for rotary kiln

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of vertical preheaters for particle materials, in particular to a vertical preheater for a rotary kiln, which is used in building material, chemical and metallurgical production. The device comprises a raw material bin, a preheating bin, a raw material collecting hopper, a tobacco material compounding channel and a bottom bracket which are arranged from top to bottom, the raw material bin is connected with the preheating bin through a material pipe, a funnel-shaped raw material collecting hopper is arranged at the bottom of the preheating bin, and the raw material collecting hopper is connected with a smoke material composite channel leading to the rotary kiln; the preheating cabin is of a centrosymmetric polygonal annular structure formed by integrating a plurality of preheating cabin units, each preheating cabin unit comprises an outer shell, a heat insulation layer and a material pushing device, the top end of each outer shell is connected with a material pipe and a smoke pipe, and the heat insulation layers are arranged in the outer shells; the middle size of an inner cavity of the preheating cabin unit for smoke and raw material heat exchange in the heat insulation layer is smaller than the upper portion and the lower portion. The heat exchanger has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, low temperature of discharged flue gas and energy conservation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vertical preheaters used for granular materials, in particular to a vertical preheater for a rotary kiln used in the production of building materials, chemical industry and metallurgy. Background Art

[0002] The production process of cement and lime involves the step of calcining raw materials. Common production processes use rotary kilns in this step, and rotary kilns are also widely used in the fields of metallurgy and chemical industry. The main difference between a rotary kiln and a vertical kiln is that the kiln body is horizontal or slightly inclined cylindrical, and the kiln body rotates continuously during the heating process. While the kiln body rotates continuously, the raw materials inside can be fully mixed and heated efficiently.

[0003] The rotary kiln generally includes a kiln head, a kiln barrel, a kiln tail, a driving device and a supporting structure. The driving device drives the kiln barrel to rotate, the supporting structure ensures the stable support and rotation of the kiln barrel, and the kiln head is equipped with a combustion device to provide heat energy by burning fuel and spraying flames. The raw materials are fed into the kiln barrel from the kiln tail. As the kiln barrel rotates continuously, the materials are fully mixed and slowly move toward the kiln head. The raw materials undergo a series of physical and chemical reactions under the action of high temperature. After a period of time, the raw materials become the required clinker and are discharged from the kiln head. In order to efficiently utilize heat, a preheater is generally set between the kiln tail and the feeding device to use the heat of the flue gas to preheat the raw materials, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient use of energy and reduce fuel consumption.

[0004] The existing rotary kiln preheater has the problems of low heat exchange efficiency, high final exhaust flue gas temperature and poor energy saving effect. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims at the technical deficiencies of the above existing rotary kiln preheaters and provides a vertical preheater for a rotary kiln, which can improve the problem that when raw materials are piled up in the heat exchange space of the preheater, the lower part is compact and the upper part is loose, and the preheating efficiency is low due to uneven preheating of the lower and upper materials.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a vertical preheater for a rotary kiln, comprising a raw material bin, a preheating chamber, a raw material collecting hopper, a smoke-material composite channel and a bottom bracket arranged from top to bottom; the raw material bin is connected to the preheating chamber through a material pipe, a funnel-shaped raw material collecting hopper is provided at the bottom of the preheating chamber, the raw material collecting hopper is connected to the smoke-material composite channel leading to the rotary kiln, and the entire vertical preheater for a rotary kiln is arranged on the ground through a bottom bracket; the preheating chamber is a centrally symmetrical polygonal annular structure formed by integrating a plurality of preheating chamber units, each preheating chamber unit comprises an outer shell, an insulation layer and a pushing device, the top end of the outer shell is respectively connected to the material pipe and the smoke pipe, the insulation layer is arranged inside the outer shell, and the middle size of the inner chamber of the preheating chamber unit for heat exchange between the smoke and the raw material in the insulation layer is smaller than the upper and lower parts respectively.

[0007] An optimized technical solution is that the vertical surface of the inner chamber of the preheating chamber unit is a smooth curved surface, and the inner chamber of the preheating chamber unit is a smooth vertical channel with a middle portion narrower than the upper and lower portions.

[0008] An optimized technical solution is that the vertical surface of the inner chamber of the preheating chamber unit is a turning plane, and the inner chamber of the preheating chamber unit is a vertical channel with a middle portion narrower than the upper and lower portions.

[0009] An optimized technical solution is that the raw material bin is a circular bin, the upper opening of the raw material bin receives the raw materials, the middle is provided with a hat-shaped rain shield, and the bottom of the raw material bin is a plurality of funnel-shaped sub-bins, the lower end of which is connected to a material pipe for the raw materials to flow down. The smoke pipe for exhausting the smoke from each preheating chamber unit is connected to the smoke collector for collecting the smoke above, and the smoke is discharged from the smoke collector.

[0010] An optimized technical solution is that a pushing device is arranged outside the preheating chamber unit, and the pushing device includes a pushing frame, a hydraulic cylinder, a pushing plate and a pushing rod; the upper part of the pushing frame is hinged on the outer shell, the lower part of the pushing frame is connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the pushing rod, the other end of the pushing rod is connected to the pushing plate, the pushing plate extends into the outer shell, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged and fixed to the outer shell.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages: the space for heat exchange between particulate materials and flue gas is of a thin waist structure as a whole, and the bottom of the material pile formed by the accumulation of granular raw materials after sliding down becomes looser, which is conducive to the passage of flue gas and further sliding down of raw materials, and the surface area of ​​contact between flue gas and particulate materials is increased as a whole, which is conducive to improving heat exchange efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2A front view schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a preheating chamber unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cutaway structure of the preheating chamber unit of the second embodiment of the present utility model.

[0017] In the figure: 11, raw material bin, 12, material pipe, 13, column, 14, sub-bin, 21, rain shield, 31, smoke collector, 32, smoke pipe, 41, outer shell, 42, push frame, 43, push plate, 44, push rod, 45, hydraulic cylinder, 46, inner chamber of preheating chamber unit, 51, bottom bracket, 61, smoke and material composite channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0019] Embodiment 1: Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a vertical preheater for a rotary kiln includes a raw material bin 11, a preheating chamber, a raw material collecting hopper 52, a smoke material composite channel 61 and a bottom bracket 51 arranged from top to bottom. The raw material bin 11 is a circular bin, with an upper opening to receive raw materials, a hat-shaped rain shield 21 in the middle, and a plurality of funnel-shaped sub-bins 14 at the bottom of the raw material bin 11. The lower end of the sub-bin 14 is connected to a material pipe 12 for raw materials to flow down, and the lower end of the material pipe 12 is connected to the preheating chamber. The entire bin is fixed above the preheating chamber by a plurality of peripheral pillars 13.

[0020] The preheating chamber is a centrally symmetrical polygonal ring structure formed by integrating multiple preheating chamber units. Each preheating chamber unit includes an outer shell 41, an insulation layer and a material pushing device. The insulation layer is arranged inside the outer shell 41, and the material pushing device is arranged outside the outer shell 41. The top of the outer shell 41 is connected to the material pipe 12 for raw materials to enter and the smoke pipe 32 for smoke to be discharged. The smoke pipe 32 is connected to the smoke collector 31 for collecting smoke above, and the smoke is discharged by the smoke collector 31. The material pushing device is composed of a material pushing frame 42, a hydraulic cylinder 45, a material pushing plate 43 and a push rod 44; the upper part of the material pushing frame 42 is hinged on the outer shell 41, and the lower part of the material pushing frame 42 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 45 and the push rod 44. The other end of the push rod 44 is connected to the material pushing plate 43, and the material pushing plate 43 extends into the outer shell 41. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder 45 is hinged and fixed on the outer shell 41, and the lever force is used to push the material pushing plate 43 to move. In this embodiment, the middle size of the inner chamber 46 of the preheating chamber unit for heat exchange between flue gas and raw materials in the insulation layer is smaller than the upper and lower parts, and the vertical surface of the inner chamber 46 of the preheating chamber unit is a smooth curved surface. The inner chamber 46 of the preheating chamber unit is a vertical channel with a thin waist as a whole.

[0021] The lower part of the preheating chamber is a funnel-shaped raw material collecting hopper 52, on which a heat insulation layer is laid. The raw material collecting hopper 52 is connected to a smoke and material composite channel 61 leading to the rotary kiln. The entire rotary kiln vertical preheater is set on the ground through a bottom bracket 51.

[0022] Embodiment 2: Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment is basically similar to the first embodiment, and the structure is basically the same. The only difference is that the vertical surface of the chamber 46 in the preheating chamber unit in this embodiment is a turning plane, and the shape of the cavity formed is like two bucket bottoms facing each other.

[0023] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical preheater for a rotary kiln, characterized in that: It includes a raw material bin, a preheating chamber, a raw material collecting hopper, a smoke-material composite channel and a bottom bracket arranged from top to bottom; the lower part of the raw material bin is connected to a material pipe for raw materials to flow down, and the lower end of the material pipe is connected to the preheating chamber, the lower part of the preheating chamber is a funnel-shaped raw material collecting hopper, and the raw material collecting hopper is connected to the smoke-material composite channel leading to the rotary kiln, and the entire rotary kiln vertical preheater is arranged on the ground through the bottom bracket; the preheating chamber is a centrally symmetrical polygonal annular structure formed by integrating multiple preheating chamber units, each preheating chamber unit includes an outer shell, an insulation layer and a pushing device, the top end of the outer shell is connected to the material pipe and the smoke pipe, the insulation layer is arranged inside the outer shell, and the heat exchange between the smoke and the raw material in the insulation layer is the inner chamber of the preheating chamber unit, and the middle size of the inner chamber of the preheating chamber unit is smaller than the upper and lower parts respectively.

2. The vertical preheater for rotary kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical surface of the inner chamber of the preheating chamber unit is a smooth curved surface, and the inner chamber of the preheating chamber unit is a smooth vertical channel with a middle portion narrower than the upper and lower portions.

3. The vertical preheater for rotary kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical surface of the inner chamber of the preheating chamber unit is a turning plane, and the inner chamber of the preheating chamber unit is a vertical channel with a middle portion narrower than the upper and lower portions.

4. The vertical preheater for rotary kiln according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The raw material bin is a circular bin with an upper opening to receive raw materials. A brim-shaped rain shield is provided in the middle of the raw material bin. The bottom of the raw material bin is composed of multiple funnel-shaped sub-bins, and the lower ends of the sub-bins are connected to material pipes for raw materials to flow down. The smoke pipe above each preheating chamber unit is connected to a smoke collector above the smoke pipe that collects smoke, and the smoke is discharged from the smoke collector.

5. The vertical preheater for rotary kiln according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pushing device includes a pushing frame, a hydraulic cylinder, a pushing plate and a pushing rod; the upper part of the pushing frame is hinged on the outer side of the outer shell, the lower part of the pushing frame is connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the pushing rod, the other end of the pushing rod is connected to the pushing plate, the pushing plate extends into the outer shell, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged and fixed to the outer shell.

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