The invention discloses an up-conversion device capable of achieving full-gloss microwave based on cross polarization modulation. The up-conversion device comprises a narrow line width laser, a first polarization modulator, a microwave signal source, a first polarization controller, a first optical filter, a circulator, a polarization beam splitter, a third polarization controller, a fourth polarization controller, an optical coupler, a high nonlinear optical fiber, a tunable laser, a waveform generator, a strength modulator, a second polarization controller, a polarizer, a second optical fiber, a single mode optical fiber, a photoelectric detector, an electric amplifier, an electric frequency mixer and a low pass filter. The up-conversion device can solve the problems of base band digital signal up-conversion in a radio over fiber system, the change, caused by dispersion, of microwave power along with microwave frequency and periodic damping, caused by the change of propagation length, of microwave power.