513 results about "Lithium ion transport" patented technology

The invention provides a nonaqueous electrolyte material, which consists of fluorosulfonylimide lithium and organic solvent with dielectric constant less than 30, and the organic solvent is selected from one or more of chain-like carbonate solvent, phosphate solvent, siloxane solvent, boroxane solvent, acetate solvent, propionate solvent, butyrate solvent, CF3OCH2CH2OCF3 solvent, C2H5OCH2CH2OCH3 solvent, C2F5OCH2CH2OCF3 solvent, 1,3-dioxolane solvent and aliphatic nitrile solvent with more than two carbon atoms. The ionic conductivity of the nonaqueous electrolyte material is 0.01mS / cm to 18mS / cm, the lithium ion transference number is tLi plus equal to 0.2 to 0.8, and the applicable temperature range is 80DEG C below zero to 60DEG C below zero. The invention also provides an application of the nonaqueous electrolyte material in the preparation of lithium batteries and super capacitors. Furthermore, the invention provides a lithium battery and a super capacitor which contain the nonaqueous electrolyte material of fluorosulfonylimide lithium.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an improved room temperature electron ion fast transfer electrode slicefor a solid-state secondary lithium battery. The method comprises the following steps: (1) evenly mixing an active material, a conductive agent and a fast ion conductor according to a certain proportion; (2) adding a certain amount of a binder into the mixture, and mixing uniformly to obtain a uniform slurry; and (3) preparing the slurry into slices, and drying to obtain the required electrode slice. The preparation method of the electrode slice preparation uses the fast ion conductor material with high temperature high lithium ion conductivity; the material can play the role of increasing the contact area between the active particles and solid electrolyte, and he form a three-dimensional electron and lithium ion transport network, so as to ensure the rapid conduction of the electrons in the electrode also improve the transmission rate of lithium ions between the active particles and electrolyte. Therefore, the preparation method is beneficial to reducing the interface impedance among the active particles in the electrode slice and between the active particles and the solid electrolyte, thereby increasing the power rate performance of the solid-state secondary lithium battery.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a full-solid-state nano composite polymer electrolyte. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing surface functional graphene, dissociated lithium salt and a polymer substrate and dissolving into an organic solvent, thereby obtaining a sol-like compound through ultrasonic treatment and mechanical blending; pouring on a Teflon template; and drying in a vacuum drying tank, thereby obtaining an electrolyte membrane. According to the invention, the full-solid-state nano composite polymer electrolyte is prepared through adding chemically modified graphene, not only room temperature conductivity is high, but also the surface is smooth and even, the internal components are uniform, and the full-solid-state nano composite polymer electrolyte is high in lithium ion transference number and electrochemical stability.

An ion-conductive electrolyte which comprises a compound having in the molecule a structure represented by the following chemical formula and an electrolyte salt; and a cell employing the ion-conductive electrolyte. The ion-conductive electrolyte has a low vapor pressure, has a high ion conductivity even at room temperature, and has a high lithium ion transport number. With this ion-conductive electrolyte, a highly safe cell having excellent discharge characteristics can be provided.

Provided is a lithium secondary battery having improved discharge characteristics in a range of high-rate discharge while minimizing a dead volume and at the same time, having increased cell capacity via increased electrode density and electrode loading amounts, by inclusion of two or more active materials having different redox levels so as to exert superior discharge characteristics in the range of high-rate discharge via sequential action of cathode active materials in a discharge process, and preferably having different particle diameters.

Use of a flexible, nonconductive, porous, and thermally tolerant ceramic material as a separator in a lithium-ion battery or lithium-sulfur battery is described. The separator can be made of aluminum oxide and provides excellent mechanical and thermal properties that prevent wear and puncture of the separator caused by particles removed from the electrodes during the charging and discharging process. The separator is designed to mitigate effects of melt shrinkage and facilitate the lithium ion transport, in contrast to separators that include a polymeric material, thus preventing short-circuiting between the positive and the negative electrode. Improved wetting and filling of the separator with electrolyte solution are provided, for improved rate capability of the battery (fast charging and discharging). The separator further reduces the potential for thermal runaway in Li batteries.

The invention discloses a carbon material modified porous polymer electrolyte membrane and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the polymer electrolyte membrane and the preparation method thereof. The invention aims at solving the problems of low ionic conductivity, small lithium ion transference number and poor electrochemical stability of the conventional porous polymer electrolyte membrane. The carbon material modified porous polymer electrolyte membrane is prepared by soaking the porous polymer membrane in an electrolyte of a lithium ion battery for 1h-4h; and the porous polymer membrane is prepared from PVDF-HFP (polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene), a solvent, a plasticizer and a modified carbon material. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing theporous polymer membrane; and (2) performing soaking treatment to get the carbon material modified porous polymer electrolyte membrane. The carbon material modified porous polymer electrolyte membranehas the advantages that the ionic conductivity achieves 10-3S / cm order of magnitude, the lithium ion transference number is 0.80-0.95, and an electrochemical stability window is 5.5V-6.0V. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is mainly used for preparing the carbon material modified porous polymer electrolyte membrane.

The invention provides a lithium ion battery electrode material coated with non-continuous grapheme. The electrode material is an anode material or a cathode material; the coated graphene is non-continuously and tightly attached to the surface of electrode material particles; and the electrode material has superior conducting performance and high lithium ion mobility ratio. The lithium ion battery electrode material coated with the non-continuous grapheme has wide application prospect and low cost, contributes to greatly enhancing the comprehensive performance of a lithium ion, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production and application.

A lithium battery including a negative electrode including a lithium metal or a lithium alloy; a positive electrode; and a polymer gel electrolyte contacting the negative electrode, wherein the polymer gel electrolyte has an ionic conductivity of about 10−3 S / cm or greater, a lithium ion transference number of about 0.15 or greater, and a lithium ion mobility of about 10−6 cm2 / V×sec or greater, wherein the polymer gel electrolyte includes a lithium salt, a polymer capable of forming a complex with the lithium salt, an insulating inorganic filler, and an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent is inert with respect to the lithium metal, wherein an anionic radius of the lithium salt is about 2.5 Angstroms or greater, and wherein a molecular weight of the lithium salt is about 145 or greater.

The invention discloses a polymer composite solid electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof. The polymer composite solid electrolyte is prepared from polyphenylene sulfide, a lithium salt and an organic quinones electron acceptor and is taken as a polymer composite solid electrolyte of a lithium-sulfur battery, the polymer composite solid electrolyte, carbon black and elemental sulfur are fabricated to a composite sulfur electrode material, and thus, a novel lithium-sulfur battery system is formed. The high-molecular polymer composite solid electrolyte provides a relatively good lithium ion migration passage, the lithium ion conductivity of a composite positive electrode material is improved, the high-molecular polymer composite solid electrolyte has certain rigidity and toughness, the volume change of a positive electrode after charge and discharge of the lithium-sulfur battery is buffered, the discharge specific capacity of the lithium-sulfur battery is improved, and the cycle lifetime of the lithium-sulfur battery is prolonged.

Electrolytes, anodes, lithium ion cells and methods are provided for preventing lithium metallization in lithium ion batteries to enhance their safety. Electrolytes comprise up to 20% ionic liquid additives which form a mobile solid electrolyte interface during charging of the cell and prevent lithium metallization and electrolyte decomposition on the anode while maintaining the lithium ion mobility at a level which enables fast charging of the batteries. Anodes are typically metalloid-based, for example include silicon, germanium, tin and / or aluminum. A surface layer on the anode bonds, at least some of the ionic liquid additive to form an immobilized layer that provides further protection at the interface between the anode and the electrolyte, prevents metallization of lithium on the former and decomposition of the latter.

The invention provides an electrolyte and a secondary lithium battery and an electrochemical capacitor containing the electrolyte. The electrolyte contains a lithium salt and an organic solvent, wherein the lithium salt comprises fluorine lithium sulfimide and lithium perchlorate. The electrolyte containing the fluorine lithium sulfimide and the lithium perchlorate, provided by the invention, has excellent performances, such as high conductivity, high ionic migration number, low viscosity, and the like. Because the lithium perchlorate in the electrolyte can be used for effectively reducing or eliminating the corrosion of fluorine lithium sulfimide above 4V to a current collector aluminum foil, the electrolyte provided by the invention is superior to the commercial electrolyte system in various aspects by preferably matching with a series of functional additives.

The invention discloses a method for preparing binary or ternary fluorine-containing sulfimide alkali metal salts, a method for preparing ionic liquid by the binary or ternary fluorine-containing sulfimide alkali metal salts, and applications of the alkali metal salts and ionic liquid as electrolytes in carbon-based super capacitors, secondary lithium (ion) batteries, and the like. The method for preparing the binary or ternary fluorine-containing sulfimide alkali metal salts provided by the invention is short in operation steps, easy for product separation and purification, and high in product yield and purity; the binary or ternary fluorine-containing sulfimide lithium provided by the invention has good thermal stability and hydrolysis resistance; a nonaqueous electrolytic solution of the binary or ternary fluorine-containing sulfimide lithium has high conductivity and lithium ion transference number, and also exhibits good oxidation resistance and good compatibility with widely-used electrode materials; meanwhile, the ionic liquid containing the binary or ternary fluorine-containing sulfimide anions exhibits the properties of low viscosity and high conductivity, and has a wide electrochemical window.

The invention relates to a method for constructing a spinel structure on a surface layer of a lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material and belongs to the field of chemical energy storage batteries. The method comprises the following steps: adding the lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material into a weakly acidic aqueous solution, and performing Li+ and H+ ion exchange; and performing heat treatment on the positive electrode material subjected to the ion exchange to enable the surface lithium-poor structure to be changed into the spinel structure, thereby obtaining the lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material with the spinel structure on the surface layer. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the surface structure of the body material is changed into the spinel structure, so that a lithium-ion transport channel is kept smooth, the rate capability of the lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material is improved, and the first-cycle coulombic efficiency is improved. In addition, according to the method disclosed by the invention, the depth of the constructed spinel layer can be effectively regulated by regulating the concentration and treatment time of weak acid, so that the electrochemical performance of the electrode material is adjusted. The control manner is simple and feasible, the reaction time does not need to be strictly controlled, and the reproducibility and reliability are high.

A preparation method of a high-capacity monocrystalline type ternary cathode material comprises steps as follows: S1, a nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide precursor of a core-shell structure is prepared with a coprecipitation method, a loose and porous core is prepared by intermittently introducing a certain quantity of bicarbonate at the initial stage of core making, after core making ends, and loose flaky shells are prepared by substantially reducing the rotation speed and increasing pH; meanwhile, at the core-shell transition stage, a dispersant is added to effectively prevent agglomerationof the shells due to decrease of the rotation speed; S2, the prepared precursor and lithium salt are mixed and calcined once in the oxygen-rich atmosphere at the high temperature, and the monocrystalline type ternary cathode material is obtained. A battery is prepared from the ternary cathode material and has high capacity and good safety performance due to high lithium ion transport efficiency and reduced anisotropy in crystals. The problem of poor capacity of the material because of low lithium ion transport efficiency of monocrystalline type ternary materials is effectively solved. Besides,the monocrystalline type ternary cathode material is prepared through one-time sintering, the preparation procedure is simple, and the production cost is low.

The invention relates to a preparation method of an ultralow-temperature high-rate type lithium ion cell. The preparation method of the ultralow-temperature high-rate type lithium ion cell provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: (A) uniformly mixing lithium cobalt oxide, an electric conduction agent, PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) or PVDF / HFP (hexafluoropropylene) by adopting NMP(nuclear matrix protein) as a dissolvant so as to prepare positive pole slurry; (B) uniformly spraying the positive pole slurry on a positive pole current collector by utlizing an atomization spray gun, and drying, rolling and cutting pieces to form a positive pole piece; (C) uniformly mixing a negative pole material, the electric conduction agent, the PVDF or PVDF / HFP by adopting the NMP as the dissolvant so as to prepare negative pole slurry; (D) uniformly spraying the negative pole slurry on a negative pole current collector by using the atomization spray gun, and drying, rolling and cutting pieces to form a negative pole piece; and (E) laminating or winding the prepared positive and negative pole pieces and a polyolefine diaphragm into an electric core, encapsulating the electric core through an aluminium plastic film, injecting an electrolytic solution after vacuum drying, standing to form the lithium ion cell. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the lithium ion migration journey is shortened, the charge-discharge property is improved, the removing of the dissolvant is easy, the energy consumption of equipment is less, and the technological process is environment-friendly.

The invention discloses alkali metal salts of binary or ternary fluorine-containing sulfimide, a method for preparing ionic liquid from the alkali metal salts of binary or ternary fluorine-containing sulfimide, and applications of the alkali metal salts and the ionic liquid as electrolytes in carbon-based supercapacitors, secondary lithium (ion) batteries, and the like. The method for preparing the alkali metal salts of binary or ternary fluorine-containing sulfimide provided by the invention is short in operation steps, and the product is easy to separate and purify, and very high in yield and purity; the binary or ternary fluorine-containing lithium sulfimide provided by the invention is good in thermal stability and hydrolysis resistance; the non-aqueous electrolyte has high conductivity and lithium ion transport number, exhibits good oxidation resistance, and has good compatibility with widely-used electrode materials; meanwhile, the ionic liquid containing binary or ternary fluorine-containing sulfimide anions is characterized by low viscosity and high conductivity, and has a wide electrochemical window.

The invention discloses a lithium single ion conduction polymer electrolyte based on functionalized lithium borate. A double-bond-containing functionalized lithium borate and a sulfydryl-containing compound are subjected to an alkene-sulfydryl click reaction, or the double-bond-containing functionalized lithium borate and the sulfydryl-containing compound and a double-bond-containing polyether are subjected to a poly-alkene-sulfydryl click reaction to prepare a linear or network-shaped all-solid-state or gel catalyst. The lithium single ion conduction polymer electrolyte prepared by the invention has the advantages of simple and easily implemented synthesis, low-cost and easily available raw materials, high room-temperature conductivity, high lithium ion mobility, wide electrochemical window, and the like; and a lithium battery assembled by the electrolyte provided by the invention has high safety, high rate capability, long cycle life and stability.

The invention relates to a composite polymer electrolyte film for a lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof. Electrolyte takes polymers as matrix material, and is evenly filled with lithium conductive ceramic powder, wherein the quality of the lithium conductive ceramic powder is 1-20% of that of polymer electrolyte; the lithium conductive ceramic powder is one of LISICON ceramic, NASICON ceramic, perovskite ceramic and lithium BPO4 ceramic at least, the polymers include polyoxyethylene, polyacrylonitrile, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymers and blending and copolymerization systems of the matrixes. The prepared composite polymer electrolyte film for the lithium ion battery can be used as polymer electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery, improves the safety performance of the lithium ion battery, and has high mechanical performance and strong operability, and the polymers obtain good elasticity and processability and the lithium conductive ceramic has high ionic conductivity and lithium ion migration number.

The present invention is intended to improve load characteristics at the time of charging or discharging by assuring a lithium ion transport pathway in the crystal structure of olivine lithium-containing manganese phosphate. There is used a positive electrode active material which is a composite material comprising a material having an olivine structure and represented by Li1-y[Mn1-xMx]PzO4 (0<x≦0.3, −0.05≦y<1, 0.99≦z≦1.03, and M includes at least one of Li, Mg, Ti, Co, Ni, Zr, Nb, Mo or W) and a carbon material, and which shows an average half width of 0.17 or more, and an intensity ratio between a diffraction line near 20° and a diffraction line near 35° of not less than 0.7 and not more than 1.0, in powder X-ray diffractometry.

The invention discloses an ether group-containing polymer ion liquid composite-electrolyte and a preparation method thereof. The polymer ion liquid composite-electrolyte has the advantages of high room-temperature conductivity, high lithium ion transport number, low vitrification point, good mechanical strength, good film forming performances, wide electrochemical window and good heat stability, and has wide application values in fields of lithium (ion) cells, carbon-based supercapacitors and solar cells.

The invention discloses a preparation method and an application of a single-ion conductive polymer electrolyte membrane. The preparation method and the application are characterized by adopting heat initiated free radical polymerization, a polymerization system comprises lithium-containing monomers, poly(ethyleneglycol)methacrylate and a cross-linking agent, and a specific plasticizer is added toa reaction system before the reaction. The preparation method of the single-ion conductive polymer electrolyte membrane comprises steps as follows: the lithium-containing monomers, poly(ethyleneglycol)methacrylate, the cross-linking agent and a thermal initiator are dissolved in the plasticizer, and after heat initiated polymerization, the transparent self-supporting electrolyte membrane with certain mechanical strength is obtained. The preparation method and the application have the advantages as follows: a one-pot method is adopted for synthesis, the operation is convenient, and the steps are simple; the prepared electrolyte membrane has good mechanical strength, heat stability and electrochemical stability, and further has high ionic conductivity and large transport number of lithium ions; an assembled lithium metal battery shows excellent cycle performance.

The invention provides an electrolyte solution, which contains an organic solvent, a lithium oxide and an electron-withdrawing compound, wherein the organic solvent is a carbonic ester and / or ether organic solvent. The invention also provides a method for preparing the electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution can be applied to the electrolyte solution in a rechargeable lithium battery. Simultaneously, the invention also provides a battery containing the electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution has significant advantages of high lithium ion conductivity, more lithium transport number, good safety, good electrochemical stability and the like, and can effectively improve the service life, the safety and the charge-discharge multiplying power of the rechargeable lithium battery adopting the electrolyte solution. In the technical proposal of the invention, because the electrolyte solution does not depend on LiPF6 completely, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced. When the electrolyte solution is applied to a lithium-air battery or a lithium-oxygen battery, the electrolyte solution has the significant advantages of small polarization, high capacity, reversible charging and discharging and the like.

The invention discloses an electrode material for a polyoxometallate carbon nanotube lithium ion battery. The electrode material is synthesized through oxidation of lithium polyoxometallate and functionalization of a carbon nanotube. The lithium polyoxometalate Li3XY12O40 has a three-dimensional skeleton structure, and lithium ions can be conducted in a three-dimensional skeleton; after oxidation and functionalization, the polyoxometalate is adsorbed on the wall of the carbon nanotube; and thus, the lithium ion transport characteristic is improved through the polyoxometalate, the electron transport characteristic is improved through the carbon nanotube, and double requirements of the electrode material on lithium ion transport and electron transport are met.

The invention discloses a single-lithium-ion-conducting solid polymer electrolyte adopting carbon dioxide based polycarbonate as a main chain and a preparation method of the single-lithium-ion-conducting solid polymer electrolyte. The structure of the electrolyte is as shown in formula (I), M-Li<+> in the formula (I) is COOLi or SO3Li or the like; the number-average molecular weight of the polymer in the formula (I) is 2,000-15,0000 Da, R is (CH2)n, and n is an integer ranging from 0 to 20; the molar percentage of an ion functional group chain segment is included in the formula (I), that is, y / (x+y), is 10%-80%. The prepared polymer single-ion electrolyte has the advantages of being simple and easy to synthesize, environment-friendly, high in room temperature conductivity, high in lithium ion transference number, low in glass transition temperature, good in mechanical strength and film-forming property, wide in electrochemical window, good in thermostability and the like; the electrolyte adopts cheap and available raw materials and has potential application value in lithium batteries, carbon-based supercapacitors, solar cells and the like.

The invention belongs to the field of polymer materials and batteries and particularly relates to a water-soluble polymer material gel polymer electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, and the invention also relates to the application of the gel polymer electrolyte in a primary or secondary electrochemical energy storage system. The gel polymer electrolyte is composed of a polymer film and a liquid electrolyte. The invention relates to the preparation method of the gel polymer electrolyte, and the method has a simple preparation process and low cost, and the preparation process is environment-friendly. The prepared gel polymer electrolyte has the advantages of high conductivity, wide electrochemical window, high lithium-ion migration number and good compatibility with electrode materials, the growth of metal dendrites can be effectively inhibited, and the cycle stability and rate performance of a battery and a capacitor can be significantly improved. The gel polymer electrolyte canbe used in the primary or secondary electrochemical energy storage system with high energy density, large capacity and high safety.

The invention relates to a divalent alkaline-earth metal and tantalum co-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 electrolyte material and a preparation method, which belong to the field of electrolyte materials. A stoichiometric equation is Li7-y+xLa3-xAxZr2-yTayO12, wherein A is one of doping elements Sr and Ba, y is greater than 0 and less than 2, and x is greater than 0 and less than y. The purpose of doping Ta ona Zr site is to stabilize a cubic phase of the material, so that the ion electric conductivity of the material can be increased; and a purpose of doping a divalent alkaline-earth metal on an La site is to increase a carrier concentration. A crystal structure is adjusted by utilizing the difference of an element radius and bond valence, a transport channel which is more suitable for transferring lithium ions is formed, the migration activation energy of the lithium ions can be reduced, the ion electric conductivity is increased, the phase forming temperature is reduced, the sintering is promoted, and the compactness of the material is increased. By virtue of co-doping, the Li7La3Zr2o12 solid electrolyte material with a stable cubic phase structure is obtained, and the material also has goodsintering performance, low lithium ion migration activation energy, high ion electric conductivity, and important application value.

The current thickness limitations of battery electrodes are addressed. An electrode includes an electrically conductive porous foam layer, an energy-storage material in contact with the porous foam layer, and electrically conductive porous foam protrusions extending from the porous foam layer into the energy-storage material. The energy-storage material is not contained within the pores of the foam layer or the foam protrusions. These electrodes allow lithium ions (and other metal ions, if desired) to diffuse deeper into a thick energy-storage material layer, compared to conventional planar electrodes. In particular methods, fluidic foam precursors can be templated in a mold, followed by conversion into a solid conductive foam that includes the electrically conductive porous foam protrusions. The result is batteries with surprisingly high energy densities.