Novel shed frame pear tree shape and reshaping method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a pear tree two-arm direct-motion type shed frame tree shape which comprises a tree trunk. The tree trunk has two boughs which grow in a direct-motion mode, and base angles of the two boughs are 45 degrees. When reaching a frame-climbing point, the boughs are fixed on a horizontal shed frame in a direct-motion mode, and extended long branches of the boughs are guided onto an elevation guide line in a perpendicular mode. The boughs have long placed fruit branches which are arranged in parallel and vertically extend into intervals. Before the two boughs climb a frame, two horizontal robust side position branches which are pulled along the reverse direction to be parallel to the boughs after the horizontal robust side position branches grow upward to the frame face. The side position branches have F-shaped single-shaft long placed type fruit branches which are arranged in parallel and vertically extend to the intervals. The tree shape only has the two boughs, and therefore the problems that an inclined crown appears easily in a three-bough tree shape and the main boughs intersect are solved. The two boughs oppositely extend in a direct-motion mode and do not influence each other. The two-bough tree shape is easy to reshape, and the two boughs are easy to form after the trunk is fixed. The phenomenon of lack of branches appears in a three-bough shed frame due to the fact that sprout force of a pear tree is weak. The three shape has the advantages that cultivation density is high, early-stage output is high, light conditions are good, the branches are easy to arrange in an ordered mode, uniformity of fruit quality is high, and standardization is easy to achieve.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the fields of fruit tree cultivation and fruit tree ecology, and in particular relates to a pear tree scaffolding tree shape and a shaping and pruning method thereof. Background technique [0002] Trellis cultivation is the main method of pear cultivation in Japan and South Korea. my country has introduced related cultivation techniques from Japan in the 1990s. At present, trellise pear cultivation has been carried out in Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang and other provinces. Practice has proved that the scaffold-shaped tree shape not only has the advantage of wind resistance, but also has incomparable advantages in improving fruit quality, especially the uniformity of the fruit, and is an important way of high-quality and standardized cultivation. . With the improvement of people's consumption level, trellis cultivation has become an inevitable choice for high-quality pear cultivation. On the other hand, the aging problem of my co...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The height of most scaffolds is about 80cm, which is inconvenient to operate in the field; while the surface height of flat scaffolds is 1.9~2.0m, the branches take a long time to be placed on the scaffold, and the tree body bears fruit under the scaffold for a long time. Important reasons; the second is to adopt three main branch shaping

It is difficult to distribute the three main branches at an angle of 120° on the plane, and it is easy to form a "partial crown" or crowded with each other. The uniform arrangement of the main branches is highly technical, and it takes a lot of time to reshape, and it is difficult for fruit growers to grasp; the third is the complex structure of the tree.

The branches are divided into main branches, auxiliary main branches (sub-main branches), side branches and fruiting branch groups, etc. The pruning technology is complicated, which belongs to the traditional sparse planting and big crown shaping method, which is not suitable for the modern cultivation technology trend of moderate dense planting; Fourth, the growth disorder of the front and back of the tree body

It is characterized by weak growth at the apex of the main branch, many elongated branches at the rear, heavy pruning in winter, and difficulty in extending the tree crown on the scaffold surface, resulting in late fruiting and low yield of the scaffold pear tree; fifth, square planting is adopted, and the general planting density is 5m× 5m, the distance between plants and rows is too large, which will affect the early yield; the extension direction of the main branch and the fruiting branch group is not clear, and the tree shape is easy to be disordered

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