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A kind of lithium-ion battery porous germanium negative electrode material and its preparation method and application
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A polycrystalline germanium and half-cell technology, applied in battery electrodes, secondary batteries, circuits, etc., can solve problems such as poor rate characteristics, unrealizable preparation process, and short battery life
Active Publication Date: 2019-04-05
NINGBO INST OF MATERIALS TECH & ENG CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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[0003] However, the above-mentioned high-capacity negative electrode materials have not been really applied to lithium-ion batteries due to the following shortcomings: (1) charging and discharging are accompanied by large volume changes, resulting in particle pulverization, and the battery life is extremely short, which cannot meet practical requirements; (2) ) The chemical properties of the particle surface are complex, and the first Coulombic efficiency is significantly lower than that of graphite materials, which cannot meet the requirements of practical applications; (3) The rate characteristics are inferior to graphite materials; (4) The porosity of electrode sheets is higher than that of graphite electrode sheets, and traditional lithium-ion batteries The preparation process cannot be realized
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[0142] The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of described germanium material, described method comprises the steps:
[0143] 1) providing an amorphous germanium oxide raw material, said germanium oxide raw material comprising agglomerates formed by primary germanium oxide compound particles with a particle size of 5-30 μm;
[0144] 2) Under a reducing atmosphere, heat-treat the germanium oxide raw material at 350-650° C. to form the germanium material.
[0145] In another preferred example, the germanium oxide raw material is in an amorphous state.
[0146] In another preferred example, the particle size of the agglomerates formed by the primary germanium oxy compound particles is 6-25 μm, preferably 7-20 μm, more preferably 8-15 μm.
[0147] In another preferred embodiment, the agglomerates are granular and have a porous structure, and the porous structure is formed by agglomerating primary germanium oxide compound particles.
[0148] In another prefer...
Embodiment 1
[0218] Preparation of germanium material 1
[0219] Put 1.35 grams of germanium oxide raw material of about 8 microns in a tube furnace, the atmosphere is hydrogen, the flow rate is 50-60 sccm, the pressure is 10 psi, the heating rate is 50 degrees per minute, the holding temperature is 500 degrees, and the holding time is 30 minutes , naturally cooled after the heat preservation, and obtained the germanium material 1.
Embodiment 2
[0221] Preparation of germanium material 2
[0222] Place 4 grams of 12-micron germanium oxide raw material in a tube furnace, the atmosphere is hydrogen, the flow rate is 50-70 sccm, the pressure is 15 psi, the heating rate is 55 degrees per minute, the holding temperature is 500 degrees, and the holding time is 50 minutes. After the heat preservation is completed, it is naturally cooled to obtain the germanium material 2.
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium ion battery porous germanium anode material and a preparation method and application thereof. The germanium material is characterized in that firstly, the germanium material is granular, and the particle size of the germanium material is 5-30 microns; secondly, the germanium material is of a porous structure, and the porous structure of the germanium material is formed by an aggregate formed by primary germanium oxygen compound particles through heat treatment; and thirdly, the primary germanium oxygen compound particles through heat treatment in the germanium material are of core-shell structures, and each core-shell structure comprises a polycrystalline germanium core and an amorphous germanium oxygen compound outer layer positioned on the surface of the polycrystalline germanium core. The invention also discloses the preparation method and application of the germanium material. The lithium ion battery assembled by using the germanium material as an active material has high specific capacity and good cycle stability.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of negative electrode materials for lithium ion batteries, in particular to a porous germanium negative electrode material for lithium ion batteries with high specific capacity and good cycle stability, as well as its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Graphite material is the main negative electrode material used in lithium-ion batteries, and its theoretical capacity is 372mAh / g. At present, the battery is close to the limit of its energy density. With the continuous improvement of market requirements for battery energy density, it is an inevitable trend to replace graphite materials with high-capacity negative electrodes (such as silicon, germanium and tin, with theoretical capacities of 4200mAh / g, 1600mAh / g and 994mAh / g, respectively). [0003] However, the above-mentioned high-capacity negative electrode materials have not been really applied to lithium-ion batteries due to the follo...
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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/38H01M10/0525H01M2004/021Y02E60/10
Inventor 王晓亮韩伟强
Owner NINGBO INST OF MATERIALS TECH & ENG CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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