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Chromobacterium species with insecticidal activity

a chromobacterium and insecticidal technology, applied in the field of new chromobacterium species, can solve the problems of economic pests, predators that cannot reduce the harm caused by larvae to food crops, and cannot reduce economic damage to crops

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-09-07
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent describes a method for reducing the population of insect larvae by applying a biocontrol agent to an area where the insects are present or to an object in the area. The biocontrol agent can be a food or water source, or a combination of surfactants, emulsifiers, alcohols, oils, glycerols, biological buffers, ethers, glycols, ketones, esters, clays, silicas, rubber, synthetic polymers, or a combination of these. The biocontrol agent can also contain attractants, adjuvants, pheromones, adhesives, dispersants, or a combination of these. The technical effect of this patent is to provide a method for reducing the population of insect larvae in an effective and safe way.

Problems solved by technology

The larvae of many Lepidoptera are economic pests for agriculture because they feed on many different types of crops.
While many birds and other animals feed on Lepidoptera, these predators do not sufficiently reduce the harm caused by the larvae to food crops.
Parasitic wasps and flies also help reduce the lepidopteran populations, but again not sufficiently to reduce economic damage to crops.
But many of the insecticides are non-specific and harm beneficial animals, especially bees and birds.
Further, the pesticides can enter groundwater and be ingested by humans, again causing harm.
It is difficult to kill many these insects or reduce their population without using pesticides that are harmful to the plant or mammals that eat the plants.

Method used

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  • Chromobacterium species with insecticidal activity
  • Chromobacterium species with insecticidal activity

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Isolation of Bacteria

[0037]Two new strains of Chromobacterium sphagni sp. nov. that fulfill the criteria for a new species, strains 14B-4 (NRRL B-67382) and 37-2 (NRRL B-67131), have been obtained. C. sphagni sp. nov. strain 14B-4 (NRRL B-67382) was isolated from a sphagnum bog in the Allegheny Mountains of Randolph County, W. Va. C. sphagni sp. nov. strain 37-2 (NRRL B-67131) was isolated from similar habitat (sphagnum bog) in Androscoggin County, Me. The following thirteen additional isolates of Chromobacterium sphagni sp. nov. with 16S sequences identical to those of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2 and / or SEQ ID NO: 3, were collected from the same sites as C. sphagni sp. nov. strain 14B-4 (NRRL B-67382) and C. sphagni sp. nov. strain 37-2 (NRRL B-67131): 14B-5, 14B-6, 36-1, 36-2, 36-3, 36-4, 36-5, 36-6, 37-1, 37-3, 37-4, 37-5 and 37-6. The distribution of C. sphagni appears restricted to sphagnum bogs, and numbers of C. sphagni recovered from sphagnum bogs suggest that they are not ab...

example 2

Genetic and Biochemical Analyses of Bacteria

[0039]Whole genome sequencing of C. sphagni sp. nov. strain 37-2 (NRRL B-67131) on a PacBio RS II long-read sequencer (Pacific Biosciences, Menlo Park, Calif.) reveal that the strain possesses eight copies of the 16S rRNA gene, like other members of the genus Chromobacterium, and that nucleotide 1452 could be either T (SEQ ID NO: 1; 5 gene copies) or C (SEQ ID NO: 2; 3 gene copies). Conventional DNA sequencing of PCR amplified fragments of 16S rRNA genes from C. sphagni sp. nov. strain 14B-4 (NRRL B-67382) yield the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, which spans nucleotides 60 to 1491 of SEQ ID NO: 1 and SEQ ID NO: 2. SEQ ID NO: 3 shows that C. sphagni sp. nov. strain 14B-4 (NRRL B-67382) has a sequence identical to nucleotides 60 to 1491 of SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2, obtained from C. sphagni sp. nov. strain 37-2 (NRRL B-67131), except that nucleotide 456 for 16S rRNA genes in SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2 are C, and the corresponding nucleotide (located at the sa...

example 3

Insecticidal Activity

[0045]C. subtsugae PRAA4-1T displays broad insecticidal activity when assayed against the lepidopteran diamondback moth or gypsy moth, and the dipteran seedcorn maggot. Meanwhile, C. vaccinii MWU205T appears active only against the seedcorn maggot (which differs from the activity of C. vaccinii MWU205T presented in WO 2015 / 020848 (Martin and Soby)). In contrast, C. sphagni sp. nov. strains 14B-4 and 37-2 display insecticidal activity comparable to C. subtsugae PRAA4-1T against diamondback moth (see Tables 2 and 3, infra) and gypsy moth (see Table 4 for strain 14B-4 only, infra), but not against seedcorn maggot (data not presented). C. sphagni sp. nov. 37-2 also substantially inhibits growth of the lepidopteran pests tobacco hornworn and cabbage looper (see Tables 5 and 6, infra).

[0046]For diamondback moth, gypsy moth and seedcorn maggot, freeze dried pellets of insect diet are rehydrated with whole liquid cultures of Chromobacterium species (C. sphagni sp. nov. ...

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Abstract

Strains of Chromobacterium sphagni sp. nov. are described which have insecticidal activity against insect larvae, in general, and lepidopteran insect larvae, in particular. A biocontrol agent containing one or more C. sphagni, media in which the C. sphagni, or both, and optionally a carrier are also described. Methods of killing insect larvae and methods of reducing insect populations in an area by applying to the area or an object an effective amount of the biocontrol agent are also described.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION[0001]This application is related to and claims priority to U.S. Patent Application 62 / 304,594 filed on Mar. 7, 2016, the contents of which are incorporated herein.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Sequence Listing[0003]The Sequence Listing submitted via EFS-Web as ASCII compliant text file format (.txt) filed on Mar. 3, 2017, named “SequenceListing_ST25”, (created on Feb. 27, 2017, 7 KB), is incorporated herein by reference. This Sequence Listing serves as paper copy of the Sequence Listing required by 37 C.F.R. §1.821(c) and the Sequence Listing in computer-readable form (CRF) required by 37 C.F.R. §1.821(e). A statement under 37 C.F.R. §1.821(f) is not necessary.[0004]Field of the Invention[0005]This invention relates to a novel species of Chromobacterium, which is being named Chromobacterium sphagni sp. nov., that has insecticidal activity. This invention also relates to compositions containing these novel Chromobacterium strains and use of t...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A01N63/00A01N25/00A01N63/20
CPCA01N25/006A01N63/00A01N63/20
Inventor BLACKBURN, MICHAEL B.GUNDERSEN-RINDAL, DAWN E.FARRAR, ROBERT R.KUHAR, DANIEL J.
Owner UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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