Tissue engineering cartilage and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a tissue engineering cartilage and a preparation method thereof. The tissue engineering cartilage is cytoactive, consists of sequentially laminated cell patches including a surface layer, a middle layer, a deep layer and a calcified layer, and takes collagen matrix as a main component; the layers are compounded by collagen and hyaluronic acid, and the bordering integration of various layers of cartilage structures is promoted through hydrostatic culture; and the tissue engineering cartilage is prepared by preparing various layers of cartilage cell patches and assembling multiple structural layers. The prepared tissue engineering cartilage is in a layering arrangement of a natural cartilage, has a very good tissue structure and very good mechanical properties (frictional coefficient is 75-85 percent that of a natural cartilage tissue, and the elastic modulus is 80-90 percent that of the natural cartilage tissue.); the integration between different layers is good; experiments prove that the prepared tissue engineering cartilage can form the tidal line same as that of a normal cartilage tissue and has the same layering structure; and the prepared tissue engineering cartilage is capable of promoting regeneration and function recovery of a cartilage and obviously shortening the cycle of cartilage damage treatment and is applicable to cartilage defect restoration for a load-bearing part of a articular cartilage.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tissue engineering medical biomaterials, in particular to a tissue engineering cartilage with natural structure and function and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The composition and structure of natural articular cartilage, as the depth changes, the size, shape and density of chondrocytes also change. The content of collagen decreases with the increase of depth, while the content of proteoglycan increases with the increase of depth. According to the morphological changes of chondrocytes and cartilage interstitium, articular cartilage is divided into four layers from the articular surface to the bone, which are superficial layer, middle layer, deep layer and calcified layer. There is no clear boundary between the layers, but their composition, structure and mechanical properties are different, and the cell morphology and function are also different. The surface layer is the thin...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For example, joint debridement can only temporarily relieve symptoms, but cannot effectively treat cartilage damage; microfracture surgery can only regenerate fibrocartilage at the defect site, which cannot meet the mechanical requirements of normal cartilage, and there is a hidden danger of later degeneration; autologous cartilage transplantation is better, Only suitable for small cartilage defects (2 ) injury treatment; allogeneic cartilage transplantation can be used to repair larger defects, but the source of donors is limited, and there are risks of infectious diseases and immune rejection

Clinical studies have also shown that chondrocyte transplantation is currently an effective way to repair articular cartilage damage and achieve functional reconstruction; the first-generation transplantation technology needs to use the patient's autologous periosteum to seal the defect position, which increases the damage to the patient and is prone to periosteum hypertrophy. Secondary surgery; the second-generation technology uses collagen / hyaluronic acid membrane instead of autologous periosteum to seal the defect surface, and the transplanted cell suspension may easily cause leakage of chondrocytes, making the surface of new cartilage uneven; the third-generation technology is to directly seal the defect on the collagen membrane. Cells are planted, and fibrin glue is used as a fixative to attach to the cartilage defect in order to form uniform cartilage. However, clinical results show that most of the cartilage generated by this technique is fibrocartilage, and the curative effect is not as stable as that of the first-generation technique. Chondrocytes cannot penetrate the collagen membrane and can only attach and grow on the surface of the collagen membrane. After the material is implanted in the defect site, the cartilage tissue formed is mostly fibrocartilage, which has poorer mechanical properties than normal cartilage and is easy to degenerate.

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