Dispersed and stratified tree shape with small crown and numerous main branches and shape pruning technical method for Korla pear

Abstract

The invention relates to a dispersed and stratified tree shape with a small crown and numerous main branches and a shape pruning technical method for Korla pear. The tree shape is used under a cultivation model that a plant row spacing is 3 x 4 meters and 3 x 5 meters and 44 and 55 plants per mu are planted, wherein shape pruning is performed in summer and winter; garden grafting is performed in spring; trunk pruning is performed in winter; the opening angles of the main branches and large branches are preserved for many years, and special attention is paid on timely angle-opening of a young tree; gentle pruning, slow placing and reserving of more branches are required; 15 to 20 large branches per tree are reserved; dispersion is performed in 5 to 6 levels, so obvious levels are realized; branches are inserted into empty spaces; auxiliary branches are retracted, so up-and-down staggering and back-and-forth well-proportioned retraction are realized; the tree crown is of a circular cone shape; and shaping is completed in ten years. According to the invention, the number of the main branches is twice of that of the other tree shape, so tree vigor can be effectively controlled, and vegetative growth and reproductive growth are adjusted; while the dispersed and stratified tree shape with the small crown and numerous main branches has the advantages of small tree crown, medium tree height, numerous large branches, simple structure, clear and firm skeleton, good fruit-bearing light acceptance and plentiful blushes on fruit surface, so the purposes of early fruiting, early high yield and stable yield are achieved.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a Korla fragrant pear small-crown multi-main-branch dispersive layered tree shape and a technical method for shaping and pruning. Background technique: [0002] Pear is a plant of the genus Pyrus in the family Rosaceae, which is rich in resources. There are 5 species mainly used for economic cultivation in China, namely Qiuzi pear, white pear, sand pear, foreign pear and Xinjiang pear. Pear tree shaping and pruning techniques adopt different pruning methods according to different environments and types. The main pruning methods can be classified according to the following situations: 1. For pear orchards with deep soil, fertile soil, good light, and high management level, pear trees should be pruned into a tree shape of evacuated layers or small crowns; , and should be shaped into a tree shape that is easy to light and has a simple structure, such as a happy shape. 2. According to the planting density and tree shape, the dev...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] In order to overcome the defects of the existing Korla fragrant pears, such as tall tree shape, many layers, difficult shaping, long period, late results, control of its top dominance and difficult vegetative growth, the Korla fragrant pears of the present invention have a small crown with multiple main branches scattered and layered. In the tree shape and shaping and pruning technology, the tree shape is used in the cultivation mode of 3×4 meters, 3×5 meters, and 44 or 55 plants per mu. The rootstocks are planted in the first year, and the shaping starts in the second year. Pruning, cultivating year by year until forming in the eighth year, can increase the planting density and fully improve the land utilization rate

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