Nozzles and methods of mixing fluid flows

Abstract

The invention provides a nozzle assembly including an inner tube and an outer housing. The inner tube terminates at an outlet end and defines a first flow passage. The first flow passage directs firstfluid flow to the outlet end in a primary flow direction. The outer housing includes a tubular side wall and an end wall. The tubular side wall defines a central axis. The end wall defines an exit orifice and an interior guide structure. The outlet end is axially aligned with the exit orifice. A second flow passage is established between the inner tube and the outer housing. The interior guide structure is configured and arranged relative to the outlet end to direct at least a portion of a second fluid flow from the second flow passage toward the outlet end in a direction initially opposite the primary flow direction for generating mixed fluid flow.

Description

Background technique

[0001] Nozzles, such as atomizer nozzles, are sometimes used to atomize a stream of liquid. Atomized liquid flows (eg, also sometimes referred to as aerosolized liquid flows, such as sprays) include droplets of a liquid dispersed in a gas, such as air. For example, a liquid stream is atomized by directing a gas stream into a liquid stream to create droplets. In some examples, liquid fuels may be atomized for use in gas turbine combustors, boilers, and the like. In other examples, liquids, such as paint or other coatings, may be atomized for spray applications, such as paint application. Liquid pesticides, herbicides, etc. can be atomized, eg for spraying.

[0002] As another example, internal combustion engines rely on rapid atomization of liquid fuel prior to combustion. In general, the atomization of a liquid spray depends on its fluid properties, density, viscosity and surface tension, as well as the inertial force generated by the delivery device. ...

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