System for monitoring physiological characteristics

Abstract

Apparatuses and methods for medical monitoring physiological characteristics values such as blood glucose levels for the treatment of diabetes, are presented. The apparatuses and methods provide dynamic glucose monitoring functions that perform predictive analysis to anticipate harmful conditions, such as glucose crash and hyperglycemic incidents for a patient. The dynamic functions can also be used to maximize athletic performance and warn of inadequate nocturnal basal rate. Other aspects include advanced alarm and reminder functions, as well as advanced data presentation tools to further facilitate convenient and efficient management of various physiological conditions.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] This invention relates generally to medical monitoring systems. More specifically, this invention relates to methods and systems for monitoring physiological characteristics in individuals including those associated with physiological conditions (e.g. monitoring blood glucose levels in diabetics). [0003] 2. Description of the Related Art [0004] A variety of electrochemical sensors have been developed for detecting and / or quantifying specific agents or compositions in a patient's blood. Notably, glucose sensors have been developed for use in obtaining an indication of blood glucose levels in a diabetic patient. Such readings are useful in monitoring and / or adjusting a treatment program which typically includes the regular administration of insulin to the patient. Periodic blood glucose readings significantly improve medical therapies using semi-automated medication infusion devices. Some exemplary external infusion d...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0011] The invention as embodied and disclosed herein pertains to apparatuses and methods for monitoring physiological characteristics such as blood glucose levels. Embodiments of the invention include dynamic monitoring functions that can perform predictive analyses to anticipate harmful conditions, such as hyperglycemic (or hyperglycemic) incidents, before they occur. These dynamic functions can be used to monitor normal physiological functions, as well as in a variety of other contexts including the optimization of athletic performance. Other embodiments of the invention include advanced alarm and reminder functions, as well as advanced data presentation tools. Embodiments of the invention disclosed herein facilitate the convenient and efficient management of diseases such as diabetes.

Problems solved by technology

Conventional glucose monitoring systems are somewhat limited in features that they provide to facilitate the monitoring of blood glucose levels.

However, by the time the warning occurs, the user may already be experiencing negative symptoms.

Furthermore, it may be unacceptable to address this by simply reducing (or raising) the value which triggers an indicator (e.g. an display, an alarm or the like) of an unsafe condition, because this may prompt a user to take “remedial” action (such as administering an additional bolus) when no unsafe condition would have actually materialized.

Such an approach merely increases the occurrence of false positive alarms.

As a consequence, the unnecessary “remedial” action can actually provoke an unsafe condition.

As described above, although existing glucose monitors adequately detect blood glucose levels upon entering the hyperglycemic range, they do not anticipate these conditions.

Disorientation is a particular risk to the patient.

If the patient becomes disoriented while operating machinery, the patient could harm himself or others.

One cause of IFG is an inadequate nocturnal insulin basal infusion rate.

This can be problematical in contexts of varying physiological states because a user is not made aware of the specific condition and / or the appropriate degree of urgency.

In addition, simple alarm systems alarms can provide duplicative warnings which can frustrate users and become ignored if they are excessive.

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