The invention relates to the technical field of insulated cable production, and particularly discloses a polyvinyl chloride cable composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and the polyvinyl chloride cable composite material comprises the following raw materials: polyvinyl chloride resin, a plasticizer, nano calcium carbonate, a stabilizer, MBS resin, calcined kaolin, argil, a flame retardant and butyl stearate. Through reasonable use of various raw materials, compared with an insulation protection layer prepared from rubber, the wear resistance and the temperature resistance can be effectively improved, and the problem that an existing insulation cable cannot have good wear resistance and temperature resistance when rubber is adopted as an insulation material is solved. Moreover, the preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride cable composite material provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple, other types of insulating materials can be prepared for preparing insulated cables, and the polyvinyl chloride cable composite material has a wide market prospect.