The invention discloses a recyclable ultra-high performance concrete fabricated temporary pavement structure which comprises a plurality of pavement slabs, the pavement slabs are ultra-high performance concrete components, mortises are arranged on the side walls of the pavement slabs, the mortises between the adjacent pavement slabs are correspondingly arranged and connected through tenons, and the tenons are steel components. The pavement slabs made of the ultra-high performance concrete have the characteristics of light weight, high strength, high durability and reusability, has stronger friction force and durability compared with a steel panel, is lighter and higher in strength compared with a traditional concrete or reinforced concrete pavement slab, and can effectively reduce the weight of the pavement slab, so that the transportation cost and the installation difficulty are reduced; the tenons are of steel structures, damage in the installation and use process can be avoided, thewhole mortise and tenon joint structure does not form an acute angle on the pavement slab, the stress concentration phenomenon is relieved, repeated utilization is achieved, the surfaces of the steelstructures are smooth, installation is convenient, and in addition, the mortise and tenon joint pieces are also installation positioning devices of the prefabricated pavement slabs.