The invention relates to an anti-backfire gas combustor, in particular to a combustor comprising a combustion chamber and an adjustable nozzle assembly. The combustion chamber comprises a high-temperature combustion head, an outer shell, an outer shell end plate, a flame tube and a flame tube end plate, wherein the high-temperature combustion head, the outer shell and the outer shell end plate are arranged outsides, the flame tube and the flame tube end plate are arranged insides, the adjustable nozzle assembly comprises a nozzle, a fire-retardant mesh, a gas inlet and a rear end cover and is arranged in the middle of the flame tube end plate, the nozzle of the adjustable nozzle assembly penetrates into the flame tube, the rear end cover of the adjustable nozzle assembly is fastened with the outer shell end plate through bolts, the high-temperature combustion head, the outer shell and the outer shell end plate are connected into a whole through bolts to form an interlayer hollow cavity together with the flame tube in the combustion chamber and the adjustable nozzle assembly, the flame tube is uniformly provided with radial hybrid air distribution holes and tangential air inlet grooves, the flame tube end plate is uniformly provided with axial air inlets, and combustion air inlets arranged on the outer shell are communicated with the interlayer hollow cavity and the air distribution holes or the air inlet grooves. The invention has high safety performance and long service life and is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.