High-yield, high-efficiency, light and simple cultivation method of dryland wheat

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating dryland wheat simply at high yield and high efficiency. The method solves the problems that existing intensive cultivation is high in cost, low and unstable in yield and unsuitable for mechanical cultivation. The method comprises the steps that a, when the wheat is harvested mechanically, high stubble is reserved and returned to the field completely; b, deep ploughing is conducted, and diammonium phosphate fertilizer containing phosphorus pentoxide is applied to the field; c, weeding is conducted after the wheat is harvested and before deep ploughing is conducted; d, coated seeds are selected and used for seeding; e, seeding is conducted when the daily average temperature ranges from 15.5 DEG C to 18.0 DEG C, and the seeding rate ranges from 8.0 kg to 10.0 kg / mu; f, before rotary tillage seeding repression, urea is applied to the field for 16.5-18.5 kg / mu, the rotary tillage depth ranges from 14 cm to 16 cm, the seeding depth ranges from 4 cm to 5 cm, and ridges are made flat through a rake after seeding; g, after seedlings of the wheat emerge, chemical weeding is conducted in time; h, if the soil moisture content is large, ploughing is conducted when the earth surface begins unfreezing, soil is crashed and the field is flattened after ploughing, and soil moisture is preserved ; i, red spiders and wheat aphids are prevented and controlled by means of spraying mist; j, one spraying and three prevention is conducted according to the conditions of diseases and insect pests, and spraying is conducted once again every 10 d; k, in the last dough stage of the wheat, the wheat is harvested mechanically in time. By means of the method, the moisture storage capacity of the soil with the thickness ranging from 0 to 200 cm is increased apparently, and the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer and the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer in current seasons are increased by 3.58%-5.69% and 1.86%-3.93% respectively.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a wheat cultivation method, in particular to a dry-land wheat that comprehensively utilizes wheat straw mulch to preserve moisture, adjusts deep plowing time, changes fertilization mode, sows at the right time, cooperates with spring suppression and harrowing to preserve moisture, and later "one spray and three prevention" technical measures High-yield, high-efficiency, light and simple cultivation method. Background technique

[0002] Dryland wheat occupies an important position in my country's wheat production, with a planting area of ​​nearly 100 million mu. Traditional dryland wheat cultivation techniques mainly rely on repeated intensive cultivation and fine field management. details as follows:

[0003] The first is to achieve stable and high-yield cultivation of dryland wheat through improving soil and water conservation, "four early and three more" plowing during the summer season, and multiple intertillage hoeing and...