Method of purification rejuvenation and screening variation of wheat varieties

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of purification rejuvenation and screening variation of wheat varieties. The method comprises screening year by year, wherein in first-year screening, a single spike with imperfect or diseased grains is eliminated from the original population of a wheat variety to plant a head progeny row nursery; in the head progeny row nursery, excellent head progeny rows which are remarkably different from main characteristics of improved varieties, have strong disease resistance and good comprehensive property are kept; after excellent head progeny rows are ripe, the whole row of single spikes of the excellent head progeny rows are harvested, diseased or imperfect single grains are eliminated, and the screened excellent head progeny rows are taken as a corresponding primary spike line of the head progeny rows; the eliminated seeds in the head progeny row nursery are mixed and collected, and are threshed to serve as original seeds for original seed production in the next year; and the screening idea of the first year can be repeated in the second, third and later years for constant screening.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for purifying and rejuvenating wheat and screening beneficial variations, belonging to the field of crop breeding. Background technique [0002] Wheat is the second largest food crop in the world. my country is the largest producer and consumer of wheat in the world. As a ration consumption, it ranks second among the three major staple foods (rice, wheat, and corn). It is my country's main commodity grain and strategic reserve grain. In the past five years, the sown area of ​​wheat in China has been basically stable at 360-370 million mu, the total output has remained at about 120 million tons, and the yield per mu has reached more than 300 kg. In the past 50 years, the total wheat yield and yield per unit area have both increased by more than 5 times, and the improvement of wheat varieties has played a significant role in increasing the yield per unit area of ​​wheat. [0003] Wheat is a self-pollinating crop. There ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The characteristic of the strain circulation method is that after the first round of individual plant and row selection, a part of the plants in each selected strain will be set aside as the next year's strain material, and the rest of the plants will be mixed to propagate the original species. Cycling, compared to selecting single ear or ear row, choosing single plant or planting row, the workload in the field is larger, and it is easy to cause inter-plant mixing

The four-level breeding program starts with the stored breeder's seeds, and is planted in turn according to the sparse sowing technique into the original original seed garden, the original seed garden, and the fine seed field, and is formed by repeated breeding for several generations. The core of this method is the breeder's seed. Therefore, the number of seeds of breeders sometimes cannot meet the needs of production seeds, and at the same time, the selection pressure is small, and the effect of purifying varieties with poor purity is not ideal

Among the methods described above, some are based on single ear selection and establishment of ear row gardens, wherein single ear selection is to select a typical single ear in a variety breeding field and an ear line garden, or to select a single ear in many ear rows. On the one hand, rich practical experience in the field is required; on the other hand, the workload of the selected field is relatively large

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