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Hydroponic breeding method of konjac minitype seed-tubers

A hydroponic and miniature technology, applied in the fields of botanical equipment and methods, cultivation, soilless cultivation, etc., can solve the problem of high requirements for cultivation conditions, long period of producing high-quality seed taro, reduction of tissue culture seedling survival rate and taro formation rate, etc. problems, to achieve the effect of shortening the breeding cycle, shortening the breeding cycle, high survival rate and high taro setting rate

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-06-15
吴鹃
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the high requirements of the cultivation management technology operation and cultivation conditions of konjac tissue culture seedlings in the existing konjac miniature seedling tissue culture, which is easy to cause the survival rate and the fruiting rate of the tissue culture seedlings to be greatly reduced, and Technical defects and deficiencies in the long cycle of producing high-quality seed taro

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0014] 实施例1目前现有植物组织培养技术对魔芋进行植物组织培养

[0015] 对魔芋进行植物组织培养可以采用以下步骤:

[0016] (1)外植体选筛,选筛发育良好、种皮无损、光滑,球形略椭、芽窝较浅、重量约250g左右的魔芋球茎为外植体;

[0017] (2)外植体的清洗及催芽,用自来水对外植体(球茎)表皮及芽窝清冼,罢于28℃清洁环境中进行催芽处理;

[0018] (3)当魔芋球茎顶芽长至2~3cm,切取顶芽,用常规消毒方法对材料进行消毒处理,所述的常规消毒方法可以按以下方法进行:用自来水清冼切下的顶芽,用质量分数为70%的酒精表面消毒1秒钟→质量分数为0.1%的氯化汞消毒5分钟→无菌水冲洗3次→在无菌条件下剥取生长点,将其接种在已配制好的培养基上,用现有的组织培养技术诱导分化出幼苗,所述的现有的组织培养技术诱导分化出幼苗可以按以下方法进行:

[0019] ①诱导培养:将上述经消毒处理的材料接种于培养基:MS+6-BA0.5mg / L+NAA0.5mg / L+蔗糖40g / L+琼脂6.5g / L,pH=5.8,培养温度是22-25℃,光照时间是9h / d,光照强度是1500lx;经30天的培养即能形成瘤状愈伤组织;

[0020] ②分化培养:将上述瘤状愈伤组织转入分化培养基中,进行分化培养,分化培养基:MS+6-BA0.2mg / L+NAA1.0mg / L+蔗糖30g / L+琼脂6.5g / L,pH=5.8,培养温度是22-25℃,光照时间是12h / d,光照强度是2000lx;分化培养20天就能分化出幼苗;

[0021] ③当幼苗长至4—5公分高,且未生根时,即可按实施例1所述的方法进行水培繁种方法。

Embodiment 2

[0022] 实施例2魔芋微型种芋的水培繁种方法

[0023] (1)水培在室内进行,先将通过常规组织培养生产出的苗高为4cm—5cm的未生根的魔芋组培苗切割,切割时用锋利的手术刀将该苗的叶柄与其基部的瘤状愈伤组织分割开,然后用自来水洗去该组培苗基部的培养基,用质量分数为5%的多菌灵浸泡2—3分钟,用海绵作为固定物包裹植物株基部,植入株行距为5.2公分×5.2公分穴盘中,每个穴盘种植100株,该穴盘放置于盛有自来水的容器(盘)的水面上,然后将该容器(盘)放在台式培养架上,每层台面之间的间矩为35公分-40公分,水培期间室内夜间温度控制在10~15℃,白天温度控制在20℃~25℃,光照为散射光,组培苗生长7天后每隔7天喷施一次N:P:K:Ca:Mg质量比例23:1:21:4:1,总浓度为225mg / L的营养液(即含N、P、K、Ca和Mg的总浓度),营养液的配制可以用硝酸铵、磷酸二氢钾、氯化钾、氯化钙、硫酸镁,按所述的N:P:K:Ca:Mg的质量比为23:1:21:4:1配制而成。

[0024] (2)水培三个月后不再进行水培,取出盛水容器,让魔芋植株自然倒苗,叶片脱落,即能收获到平均重量在1.5克的成熟魔芋微型种芋,魔芋微型种芋最大的达到3克,水培繁种期间未生根的魔芋组培苗成活率达到85%-90%,凡是成活的魔芋组培苗均结有种芋,因此,结芋率也达到了85%-90%,产生了预料不到的技术效果的技术效果。

[0025] 采用本发明方法一年可方便地重复4个周期,可收获4批魔芋微型种芋,提高了种芋的繁育系数。

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Abstract

The invention discloses a hydroponic breeding method of konjac minitype seed-tubers, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural breeding and propagation. The method is characterized in that petioles and basilar tumor-like callus tissue of non-rooted konjac tissue culture seedlings with a height of 4-5 cm are separated by using a knife, the tissue culture seedlings are washed with water, and then the base of the tissue culture seedlings is covered with a sponge; the tissue culture seedlings are implanted into a hole tray for indoor hydroponics by using tap water, and the tissue cultureseedlings are sprayed with a nutrient solution with a mass ratio of N to P to K to Ca to Mg being 23:1:21:4:1 and a total concentration of 225 mg / L every 7 days after growing for 7 days, wherein the nighttime indoor temperature is 10-15 DEG C, the daytime temperature is 20-25 DEG C, and the light is scattered light; and hydroponics is no longer carried out after 3 months of hydroponics, and the plants are allowed to do sprout tumble naturally, so as to harvest ripe konjac minitype seed-tubers. According to the method, konjac minitype seed-tubers with an average weight of 1.5 grams can be bredin three months, so that breeding cycle of konjac high-quality seed-tubers is greatly shortened, production cost is low, and survival rate or seed-tuber set rate reaches 85%-90%.

Description

technical field [0001] 本发明涉及一种魔芋微型种芋水培繁种技术,属农业育种与繁育技术领域。 technical background [0002] 魔芋(konjac)为天南星科魔芋属多年生草本植物,主要以球茎进行无性繁殖,魔芋目前已能通过植物组织培养生物技术繁育出优良种苗并移栽到苗床进行良种繁育,为魔芋种性退化、优良种芋奇缺提供了行之有效的解决方法。但魔芋组培苗的栽培管理是一项十分精细的工作,技术操作和栽培条件稍不注意将会大大降低组培苗的成活率和结芋率,且生产优质种芋的周期较长,需一个生长周期(6—8个月)。 [0003] 因此,寻找一种既能缩短魔芋微型种芋的繁种周期,又易于繁育的方法是本领域科技人员长期想探索的技术问题。迄今为止,未见通过水培技术在较短的时间(3个月)内繁殖出魔芋微型种芋的公开报道。 Invention content: [0004] 本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有魔芋微型种芋组培快中魔芋组培苗的栽培管理技术操作和栽培条件要求高,易导致组培苗的成活率和结芋率大大降低,且生产优质种芋的周期较长的技术缺陷和不足。其目的是提供一种既能缩短魔芋优质种芋的繁殖周期,繁种操作又简便,易于成活、能降低优质种芋的生产成本的方法。 [0005] 为解决上述技术问题和达到本发明目的,本发明提供了一种魔芋微型种芋的水培繁种方法,该方法按现有技术对魔芋进行植物组织培养,其特征在于: [0006] (1)将植物组织培养生产出的苗高为4cm—5cm的未生根的魔芋组培苗切割,切割是将该苗的叶柄与其基部的瘤状愈伤组织分割开,然后用自来水冲洗去组培苗基部的培养基后,用海绵包裹组培苗基部,再植入穴盘中用自来水在室内水培,组培苗水培生长7天后,每隔7天喷施一次N:P:K:Ca:Mg质量比例23:1:21:4:1,总浓度为225mg / L的营养液,水培期间控制室内夜间温度为10℃~15℃,白天温度为20℃~25℃,光照为散射光; [0007] (2)水培3个月不再进行水培,让植株自然倒苗,即可收获成熟的微型种芋。 [0008] 步骤(1)所述的组培苗植入穴盘中的株行矩为5.2cm×5.2cm。 [0009] 与现有技术相比,本发明方法的有益效果是: [0010] 1、本发明方法大大缩短了魔芋...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G31/00
CPCA01G31/00
Inventor 吴鹃
Owner 吴鹃
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