Tri-polarization unit with adjustable directional diagram and array antenna thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a tri-polarization unit with an adjustable directional diagram and an array antenna thereof, the tri-polarization radiation unit comprises two horizontally orthogonal dual-linear polarization radiation structures and a vertical polarization radiation structure, and the vertical polarization radiation structure is arranged below the horizontal dual-polarization radiation structures to realize miniaturization of the three-polarization unit; regulation and control of a tri--polarization unit directional diagram can be realized by adding a parasitic radiation structure right above the tri-polarization unit, and regulation and control of the tri-polarization unit directional diagram are realized by superposing amplitudes and phases of different polarization ports. The tri-polarization unit can form a one-dimensional linear array, a two-dimensional planar array, a conformal array and the like, large-angle scanning of the array can be achieved by adjusting the ratio of the amplitude to the phase of the heteropolarization port, and the cross polarization level can be effectively restrained. According to the tri-polarized array antenna, directional diagram regulation and control of the antenna units and large-angle scanning of the array are realized at the same time, and compared with the existing dual-polarized array antenna, wide-angle scanning and low cross polarization of the array are realized more easily.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and relates to a three-polarization unit with an adjustable pattern and an array antenna thereof, in particular, it can realize the regulation of the pattern of the unit and the large-angle scanning of the array, and reduce cross polarization. Background technique [0002] When electromagnetic waves propagate in free space, they are affected by multipath effects, which will seriously affect the communication quality. Diversity technology can be used to reduce the multipath effect when electromagnetic waves propagate in free space. Polarization diversity technology makes full use of the spatial dimension of electromagnetic waves to obtain multiple uncorrelated channels, thereby improving communication capacity and communication rate. The three-polarized antenna is composed of three two-by-two mutually orthogonal linear polarization antennas. It makes full use of the polarization diversity techno...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The second is that the pattern of most unit antennas, especially planar unit antennas, has directivity itself, and its maximum direction is also in the normal direction. If it deviates from the normal direction, its unit directivity will also decrease, so the total array obtained by multiplying it with the array factor The directivity of the pattern will decrease as the scan angle increases

In addition, when in an array environment, due to the influence of mutual coupling, the active input impedance of the antenna unit will change with the scan angle. When the scan angle becomes larger and larger, the active input impedance will also change significantly. , which directly leads to the deterioration of the matching of the antenna elements and the decrease of the array gain

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