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Fuel blends

a technology of fuel blends and compositions, applied in the field of fuel blend compositions, can solve the problems of inability to uniformly mix or blend into one phase without, add to pollution, and hazardous combustion of diesel fuel in engines, and achieve the effect of more water toleran

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-04-15
VICTORIAN CHEM INT
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

"The patent text describes a method for creating diesel fuel blends that are more tolerant to water. The method involves blending diesel fuel with ethanol and a coupling agent. The coupling agent can be made up of alkyl esters of fatty acids, fatty alkanolamides, and fatty acids. The resulting fuel blend has improved water tolerance and can be used in diesel engines. The technical effect of this invention is to create a more water-tolerant diesel fuel blend that can better withstand water damage."

Problems solved by technology

It is recognised that the combustion of diesel fuel in engines can be hazardous to the environment.
In particular, the partial combustion of diesel fuel to carbon-based particulates, hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide creates noxious black exhaust gases while the additional problem of nitrogen oxide production adds to the pollution.
The problem with using ethanol or methanol as a fuel in conjunction with diesel oil is that ethanol and methanol are immiscible with diesel oil within the normal range of operating temperatures, that is, they cannot be uniformly mixed or blended into one phase without rapid separation into their component parts.
However the presence of a significant water content may cause separation of the alcohol and diesel fuel.
Further attempts to remove the water fail by distillation.
Even if substantially dehydrated ethanol is prepared, it is very hygroscopic and will quickly absorb moisture from the atmosphere unless subjected to special storage techniques.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0054]A coupling agent according to the second aspect of the invention was prepared as follows:

[0055]

ComponentAmount (% w / w)2-ethylhexanol80Vicamid 82517Oleic acid3

[0056]The 2% v / v coupling agent was combined with 90% v / v diesel fuel and 8% v / v ethanol to provide a fuel blend according to the first aspect of the invention. This fuel blend was tested in two Landcruiser 4WD utility vehicles and one light diesel truck and the engines ran satisfactorily.

example 2

[0057]A blend of ethanol and coupling agent was prepared according to the fourth aspect of the invention as follows:

[0058]

ComponentAmount (% w / w)Ethanol63.7Methyl soyate27.5Vicamid 8258.0Oleic acid0.8

[0059]10% v / v of the ethanol blend was combined with 90% v / v diesel fuel to provide a fuel blend according to the third aspect of the invention. Similarly, 15% v / v of the ethanol blend was combined with 85% v / v diesel fuel to provide a fuel blend which satisfactorily ran the diesel (4 cylinder 1.5 liter) engine of a Volkswagen “Golf”.

example 3

[0060]Fuel blends according to the third aspect of the invention were prepared and tested for water stability.

[0061]

Component3A (ml)3B (ml)Kerosene150150P878 mineral oil150150USA Diesel400500Methyl Soyate180100Ethanol10080Vicamid 82518 g18 gOleic acid 2 g 2 gWater stability testingFormulation 1Formulation 2Overnight in freezer @ −8° C.clear uniformclear uniform0.5 g water added, 2 hours inclear uniformclear uniformfreezer at −8° C.Further 0.5 g water added, 2clear uniform2 layers, cloudyhours in freezer at −8° C.Cloud point of wet product*+5° C.Final water content** (%)0.190.19*The appearance of the cloud point shows the temperature at which instability of the formulation occurs. The lower the temperature of the cloud point evidences greater stability. The cloud point has no relevance to engine performance.**Water content in the formulations, as here and later mentioned through the patent, has been measured via the Karl Fischer titration method (D4377 of the ASTM).

[0062]These result...

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Abstract

There is provided a diesel fuel blend comprising one or more commercially available diesel fuels; ethanol and a coupling agent.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The invention relates to fuel blend compositions including diesel fuel and alcohol.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]In this specification, where a document, act or item of knowledge is referred to or discussed, this reference or discussion is not to be taken as an admission that the document, act or item of knowledge or any combination thereof was at the priority date:[0003](a) part of common general knowledge; or[0004](b) known to be relevant to an attempt to solve any problem with which this specification is concerned.[0005]Diesel oil, due to its cost and availability, continues to be the backbone for industry around the world being the principal fuel for use in truck, ships, trains, some cars and other automotive equipment and different stationary types of engines.[0006]It is recognised that the combustion of diesel fuel in engines can be hazardous to the environment. In particular, the partial combustion of diesel fuel to carbon-based particulates, hy...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10L1/18C10L1/22C10L1/02C10L1/14
CPCC10L1/026C10L1/14C10L1/1824C10L1/1881C10L1/19C10L1/224
Inventor KILLICK, ROBERT WILLIAMKILLICK, ANDREW ROBERTJONES, PETER WILLIAMWRIGLEY, PETER RONALDMORRISON, JOHN DAVID
Owner VICTORIAN CHEM INT