A kind of adsorbable degradable cr (ⅵ) diatomite composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a diatomite composite material capable of adsorbing and degrading Cr(VI) and a preparation method thereof. The composite material is prepared by loading niobium oxide with an ordered nanostructure onto a diatomite disc; and raw materials for preparation of the composite material comprises Nb2O5 powder, hydrofluoric acid, ammonia water, ammonium oxalate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, diatomite, acetic acid, etc. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the Nb2O5 powder into a niobic acid powder, and carrying out uniform mixing with the raw materials so as to prepare a suspension; and carrying out a reaction under heating, and carrying out cooling, filtering, washing and low-temperature drying. The diatomite composite material provided by the invention has excellent Cr (VI) adsorption and degradation performances, can effectively solve the limitation in application of nanometer structural materials in the prior art, and can significantly improve adsorption efficiency of diatomite. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple, convenient and fast process flow, less investment, rich material sources, low cost, easily availability, low processing cost, etc.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy metal ion adsorption purification and toxic degradation materials, in particular to a preparation method and application of a composite adsorbent, and more specifically to a diatomite-deposited Nb 2 o 5 The composite material of nanorods can efficiently adsorb and degrade Cr(Ⅵ). Background technique

[0002] Chromium is recognized as one of the most toxic heavy metal pollutants. It can invade the human body for a long time through the digestive tract, respiratory tract, skin and mucous membranes, interfere with the activity of biological enzymes, cause mutagenesis, and cause great harm. Its pollution control has attracted much attention. Cr (Ⅵ) (hexavalent chromium), which exists in water, is more soluble than Cr (Ⅲ) (trivalent chromium), has strong toxicity, and is difficult to treat. Highly toxic Cr(Ⅵ) ions are adsorbed and separated from water, and there is still the problem of re-pollution cau...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0035] Embodiment 1 Solvothermal method prepares Nb 2 o 5 Nanorod / Diatomaceous Earth Composite

[0036] (1) Weigh 0.5g of Nb 2 o 5 Put the powder into the reaction kettle, add 10mL of hydrofluoric acid to dissolve, then add ammonia water to precipitate, and make niobic acid powder for later use;

[0037] (2) Weigh 0.3g of niobic acid powder prepared in step (1), 0.5g of ammonium oxalate, 0.1g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and 0.1g of diatomaceous earth, add them to 10mL of glacial acetic acid, and stir for 40min. Mix evenly to obtain a suspension;

[0038] (3) Transfer the suspension into a polytetrafluoroethylene reactor with a volume of 25 mL, place the reactor in an oven at 160° C. and heat it at a constant temperature for 14 hours; then take out the reactor, cool it to room temperature, filter the reaction product, and Wash 3-4 times with ethanol and deionized water, and dry at low temperature to obtain Nb2 o 5 Nanorod / Diatomaceous Earth Composite.

Embodiment 2

[0039] Embodiment 2 Solvothermal method prepares Nb 2 o 5 Nanorod / Diatomaceous Earth Composite

[0040] The only difference between the preparation method and Example 1 is that in step 2) when preparing the suspension, the amount of niobic acid powder added is 0.4 g.

Embodiment 3

[0041] Embodiment 3 Solvothermal method prepares Nb 2 o 5 Nanorod / Diatomaceous Earth Composite

[0042] The only difference between the preparation method and Example 1 is that in step 2) when preparing the suspension, the amount of niobic acid powder added is 0.5 g.

technical field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy metal ion adsorption purification and toxic degradation materials, in particular to a preparation method and application of a composite adsorbent, and more specifically to a diatomite-deposited Nb 2 o 5 The composite material of nanorods can efficiently adsorb and degrade Cr(Ⅵ). Background technique

[0002] Chromium is recognized as one of the most toxic heavy metal pollutants. It can invade the human body for a long time through the digestive tract, respiratory tract, skin and mucous membranes, interfere with the activity of biological enzymes, cause mutagenesis, and cause great harm. Its pollution control has attracted much attention. Cr (Ⅵ) (hexavalent chromium), which exists in water, is more soluble than Cr (Ⅲ) (trivalent chromium), has strong toxicity, and is difficult to treat. Highly toxic Cr(Ⅵ) ions are adsorbed and separated from water, and there is still the problem of re-pollution cau...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0035] Embodiment 1 Solvothermal method prepares Nb 2 o 5 Nanorod / Diatomaceous Earth Composite

[0036] (1) Weigh 0.5g of Nb 2 o 5 Put the powder into the reaction kettle, add 10mL of hydrofluoric acid to dissolve, then add ammonia water to precipitate, and make niobic acid powder for later use;

[0037] (2) Weigh 0.3g of niobic acid powder prepared in step (1), 0.5g of ammonium oxalate, 0.1g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and 0.1g of diatomaceous earth, add them to 10mL of glacial acetic acid, and stir for 40min. Mix evenly to obtain a suspension;

[0038] (3) Transfer the suspension into a polytetrafluoroethylene reactor with a volume of 25 mL, place the reactor in an oven at 160° C. and heat it at a constant temperature for 14 hours; then take out the reactor, cool it to room temperature, filter the reaction product, and Wash 3-4 times with ethanol and deionized water, and dry at low temperature to obtain Nb2 o 5 Nanorod / Diatomaceous Earth Composite.

Embodiment 2

[0039] Embodiment 2 Solvothermal method prepares Nb 2 o 5 Nanorod / Diatomaceous Earth Composite

[0040] The only difference between the preparation method and Example 1 is that in step 2) when preparing the suspension, the amount of niobic acid powder added is 0.4 g.

Embodiment 3

[0041] Embodiment 3 Solvothermal method prepares Nb 2 o 5 Nanorod / Diatomaceous Earth Composite

[0042] The only difference between the preparation method and Example 1 is that in step 2) when preparing the suspension, the amount of niobic acid powder added is 0.5 g.

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