Storm surge dam overtopping risk early-warning method based on wind field effect of typhoon processes

Abstract

The invention relates to a storm surge dam overtopping risk early-warning method based on the wind field effect of typhoon processes. The method includes the following steps of 1, establishing a refined storm surge-astronomical tide-coastal wave coupling dam overtopping value forecasting model, and outputting the water level and the wave height of a coastal area; 2, according to the data of a seawall and historical typical typhoons, analyzing to obtain the influence coefficients of different types of seawalls on storm surge dam overtopping; 3, according to the water level and the wave height,which are obtained in step 1, of the coastal area and the influence coefficients, obtained in step 2, of different types of the seawalls on storm surge dam overtopping, obtaining the dam overtopping risk rank of each seawall. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that different types of the seawalls, microtopography and other influence factors on a sea level in the single-typhoon process and under other weather process influences and the multi-typhoon process are considered, and an ADCIRC+SWAN coupling model is adopted, so that dam overtopping value forecasts with high accuracy are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the fields of forecasting and disaster reduction and risk planning, in particular to a method for early warning of storm surge flooding dike risks based on the wind field action of a typhoon process. Background technique [0002] Storm surge is a disastrous natural phenomenon. Due to severe atmospheric disturbances, such as strong winds and sudden changes in air pressure (usually referring to disastrous weather systems such as typhoons and extratropical cyclones), the seawater rises and falls abnormally, and the tide level of the affected sea area greatly exceeds the normal tide level, which is called a storm surge. . The frequent impact of typhoons on my country's coastal areas determines that my country is a country with a high incidence of storm surges, which cause heavy casualties and property losses to my country's coastal areas every year. my country has started storm surge forecasting and warning work since 1970. This ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0008] The second is that different types of seawalls have not been fully excavated, and the impact on the output of storm surge flooding dikes. According to natural characteristics, seawalls can be divided into four types, namely, outer sea seawalls (also known as open seawalls facing the outer sea, Directly facing the Pacific Ocean or the Taiwan Strait, the partition length is very large or close to ∞, and it is susceptible to multi-directional swells and wind waves during typhoon attacks. The orthogonal direction is in the same direction or close to the same direction as the harbor mouth where it is located. The seawall with a large length in the wind area in some directions is also called the semi-open seawall at the bay mouth. In the cycle, there is often a swell formed by a typhoon that enters the bay mouth and directly hits the seawall, which is also likely to cause major damage), and the seawall in the bay (farther from the bay mouth, the shelter conditions are better, and the direction of the seawall and the bay mouth has a large angle. Generally, there are large areas of beach with high elevation and large area outside the embankment, which basically belong to the limited wind area. The size of the wind and waves is mainly limited by the local typhoon wind speed, wind time, and the width of the water surface in the local harbor, and the average water depth. The Bund is often broken or nearly broken, the wave energy has been consumed a lot, and the impact on the seawall is relatively small), the seawall of the estuary (generally the width of the river channel is much smaller than the width of the harbor where it enters, and the seawall stands outside The flow direction of the surface water is nearly parallel to the longitudinal axis of the seawall. This type of seawall is characterized by the two-way interaction of the rising and falling tides and flood runoff. Smaller, but typhoon storms cause major floods (for example, when astronomical tides and typhoon high-value water increases (commonly known as heavy rain, high tide, and typhoon three encounters), it is easy to cause the total water level to flood due to flood tide topping)

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