Method for improving the mean dry shoot weight, mean dry grain weight, and suppressing seed-borne infection in a cereal crop

Abstract

A seed coating composition comprising a mixture of a fungal root endophyte isolated from a root of the plant found in low-nutrient, drought-stressed or multiply-stressed conditions and a carrier medium for application of said composition to a target seed, wherein the endophyte is characterised in having a nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nr ITS) with at least a 90% sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 3 to 15.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is the National Stage of International Application No. PCT / EP2015 / 069809, filed on Aug. 29, 2015, which claims priority to European Application No. 14182893.9, filed on Aug. 29, 2014. The contents of both applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This invention relates to the uses of isolated and cultured endophytes from wild populations of barley. In particular, the invention relates to a method for improving dry shoot weight, mean dry grain weight, and suppression of seed-borne infection in a cereal crop by inoculation with at least one or a combination of the isolated endophytes.BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION[0003]Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the world's fourth most important cereal crop, grown annually on 48 million hectares (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research 2012), and like other food crops grown as monocultures, uses significant inputs of c...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent discusses the use of endophyte treatments to reduce chemical fertilizer inputs in barley. The researchers found that inoculation with different fungal root endophytes increased grain yield and dry shoot weight in nutrient-starved barley cultivars. This effect was achieved even when the plants were subjected to multiple stresses, such as drought, nutrient deprivation, and pathogen infection. The endophytes also improved important traits such as number of tillers and root and shoot biomass. Only a small percentage of the control plants survived the experiment, while most of the endophyte-treated plants thrived. These results suggest that these new fungal root endophytes from a wild relative of barley may help reduce chemical fertilizer use and make crop treatments more sustainable and cost-effective.

Problems solved by technology

According to one estimate, application of N-P-K fertilisers to barley crops worldwide will be over 4 million metric tons in 2014, which represents large economic and environmental costs, with ecosystem degradation and potential losses in biodiversity.

As well as being economically costly, chemical crop treatments for pathogens can have severe and long-lasting negative effects on the environment and reduce biodiversity.

While these chemicals can be effective in controlling pathogens in a single cropping season, infections which are transmitted vertically offer more of a challenge.

The consequent never-ending cycle of annual fungicidal crop treatments results in large cumulative economic and environmental costs.

Piriformospora indica was first isolated from the roots of desert shrubs in north-west India, and although it has been shown to increase grain yield in cool-cultivated barley under some circumstances, it may not generally be suitable for use in cooler growing conditions.

While there have been studies which examined the interactions between endophyte isolates derived from other plant genera and some important barley pathogens, there is a lack of information on the interactions between endophytes derived from wild barley species and barley cultivars.

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