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Facilatated Dispersion of Nanofillers for the Preparation of Nanocomposites

a technology of nanofillers and nanocomposites, which is applied in the direction of silicates, silicon compounds, synthetic resin layered products, etc., can solve the problems of high cost, high cost, and inability to meet the requirements of high-temperature impact performance, and achieve the same thermal stability problems, and achieve compositions containing nanosized particles dispersed in thermoplastic polyester matrix, and achieve the effect of reducing the cost of production

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-10-23
EI DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent describes a process for making a type of plastic called thermoplastic polyester. This is done by mixing a type of clay called sepiolite with different chemicals like diacids, diesters, and diols. These chemicals are then combined with a type of polyester called a monomer. The mixture is then heated to create the final plastic. The invention also includes methods for making various parts and coating them with the plastic. The technical effect of this patent is to provide a way to make a thermoplastic polyester with improved properties.

Problems solved by technology

At these loading levels, however, low temperature impact performance and material toughness are usually sacrificed.
Attempts to generate nanocomposites, or compositions containing nanosized particles dispersed in a thermoplastic polyester matrix, have been only marginally successful.
Therefore, this process requires the use of an intercalating agent and as such introduces the same thermal stability issues described above.
This approach suffers from the requirement to use a large amount of solvent.
If the part is not solid and / or deforms easily upon ejection from the mold, it may be deformed and thereby rendered useless.
However, some semicrystalline polyesters crystallize very slowly, so they would have to be in the mold a long time to allow them to be demolded without significant deformation.
This would lead to long molding cycles, which is economically highly undesirable.
For example poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is a slow crystallizing polyester, and by itself is usually unsuitable for injection molding because of the very long molding cycles and / or high mold temperatures needed.

Method used

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  • Facilatated Dispersion of Nanofillers for the Preparation of Nanocomposites
  • Facilatated Dispersion of Nanofillers for the Preparation of Nanocomposites
  • Facilatated Dispersion of Nanofillers for the Preparation of Nanocomposites

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0142]BHET (300 g, 1.17 mol), sepiolite (Pangel® S9, 9 g), antimony oxide (96.5 mg, 321 ppm), and manganese acetate (102 mg, 340 ppm) were charged to a 500 mL three necked round-bottomed flask. An overhead stirrer was attached and a distillation condenser was attached. The reaction was heated to 180° C. under a light nitrogen flush. The reaction was held at 180° C. for 90 min. The reaction temperature was increased to 225° C. The reaction temperature was held at 225° C. for 30 min. The reaction temperature was increased to 295° C. at a rate of 1° C. / min. When the temperature reached 295° C., the reaction temperature was held constant for 30 min. The nitrogen flush was closed off and vacuum was slowly introduced. After 15 min, the vacuum was increased to a full vacuum eventually reaching a vacuum of 5 Pa. The reaction was maintained under vacuum for approximately 120 min. Mn=26000, PDI=1.81, % DEG=13 wt %, IV=0.9, Tg=65° C., Tm=228° C. The material so produced was characterized using...

example 2

[0143]BHET (300 g, 1.17 mol), sepiolite (Pangel® B20, 9 g), antimony oxide (96.5 mg, 321 ppm), and manganese acetate (102 mg, 340 ppm) were charged to a 500 mL three necked round-bottomed flask. An overhead stirrer was attached and a distillation condenser was attached. The reaction was heated to 180° C. under a light nitrogen flush. The reaction was held at 180° C. for 90 min. The reaction temperature was increased to 225° C. The reaction temperature was held at 225° C. for 30 min. The reaction temperature was increased to 295° C. at a rate of 1° C. / min. When the temperature reached 295° C., the reaction temperature was held constant for 30 min. The nitrogen flush was closed off and vacuum was slowly introduced. After 15 min, the vacuum was increased to a full vacuum eventually reaching a vacuum of 5 Pa. The reaction was maintained under vacuum for approximately 120 min. Mn=26400, PDI=1.88, % DEG=6 wt %, IV=0.8, Tg=78° C., Tm=248° C. The material so produced was characterized using...

example 3

[0148]BHET (300 g, 1.17 mol), sepiolite clay (Pangel® S9, 6 g), antimony oxide (80 mg, 343 ppm), and sodium acetate (80 mg, 343 ppm) were charged to a 500 mL three necked round-bottomed flask. An overhead stirrer was attached and a distillation condenser was attached. The reaction was heated to 180° C. under a light nitrogen flush. The reaction was held at 180° C. for 90 min. The reaction temperature was increased to 225° C. The reaction temperature was held at 225° C. for 30 min. The reaction temperature was increased to 295° C. at a rate of 1° C. / min. When the temperature reached 295° C., the reaction temperature was held constant for 30 min. The nitrogen flush was closed off and vacuum was slowly introduced. After 15 min, the vacuum was increased to a full vacuum eventually reaching a vacuum of 5 Pa. The reaction was maintained under vacuum for approximately 120 min. The reaction was cooled under a nitrogen purge.

[0149]Tm and Tg were determined as described above, and t1 / 2 was de...

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Abstract

Compositions of thermoplastic polyesters and sepiolite-type clay in which the clay is dispersed in the polyester as often fibrous particles whose smallest dimension is less than 100 nm are made by polymerizing the polyester precursors in the presence of the clay. The compositions have good physical properties and can be melt molded into various articles. Many of these articles may be coated (painted) and are especially useful for appearance parts such as visible exterior automotive body parts.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]This invention concerns compositions comprising thermoplastic polyesters and sepiolite-type clays, which are made by adding a sepiolite-type clay to a polyester polymerization, and forming the compositions into useful parts.TECHNICAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Nanocomposites are compositions that can address many of the challenges currently presented by automotive plastics and composites needs. These materials offer a variety of desirable properties including: low coefficient of thermal expansion, high heat deflection temperatures, lightweight, improved scratch resistance, and good surface appearance. Nanocomposite compositions are polymers reinforced with nanometer sized particles, i.e., particles with a dimension on the order of 1 to several hundred nanometers. These materials can be used in structural, semi-structural, high heat underhood, and Class A automotive components, among others. In other words these nanocomposites are compositions in whi...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): B32B27/36C08K3/34C08L67/02C08L33/00
CPCC08K3/0033C08K3/346C08K5/0016C08L63/00C08L67/02C09D167/02C08L2666/22C08K9/04C08K3/013Y10T428/31786
Inventor WILLIAMSON, DAVID T.HERROD, THOMAS M.SIMMONS, WILLIAM M.SCHLEINITZ, HENRY MAX
Owner EI DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO