The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a special microbial fertilizer for planting sugar orange. The special microbial fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 140-170 parts of poultry manure, 40-60 parts of straw, 20-30 parts of mashed sucrose, 20-40 parts of silkworm excrement, 10-25 parts of bone meal, 20-40 parts of sugar orange branch, 10-20 parts of a phosphate fertilizer, 15-25 parts of a potash fertilizer, 10-18 parts of a nitrogen fertilizer, 10-25 parts of plant ash, 1-4 parts of an enzyme bacterium, 0.5-3.5 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 0.7-2.4 parts of trichoderma viride, 1-3 parts of EM inoculum, 0.8-1.8 parts of bacillus laterosporus, 0.8-1.8 parts of a silicate bacterium, 1-5 parts of algal polysaccharide and 0.8-2.6 parts of sodium alginate. The special microbial fertilizer has long-lasting fertility, is suitable for planting the sugar orange, is high in fertilizer utilization rate, and can improve soil properties, improve the biological content of soil, increase air permeability and reduce a hardening phenomenon.