Multiple-effect distillation device and method for desalting sea water or brackish water only by using solar

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-effect distillation device only by using solar energy to desalt sea water or brackish water and the method. The device comprises three parts: a solar energy collector, a multi-effect evaporator and a condenser. The method of the device for desalting the sea water or the brackish water comprises the processes: vacuum of each effect evaporator is regulated; steam generated in each effect evaporator sequentially enters a condensation heat exchange tube in a next effect evaporator through a steam outlet of the effect evaporator; after the condensation, the fresh water is obtained, and energy for vaporizing the sea water or brackish water in the effect evaporator is provided. The invention has the advantages of simple desalting process and device as well as reliable operation and running and no consumption of other energy except that the solar energy supplies heat, which is particularly applied to areas short of the fresh water but rich in the sea water, brackish water and the solar energy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a multi-effect distillation device and method for desalinating seawater or brackish water by single use of solar energy, which belongs to the desalination technology of water treatment. Background technique [0002] Seawater or brackish water desalination technology is a process of removing salt in seawater and obtaining fresh water through devices or equipment. [0003] Seawater or brackish water desalination methods are mainly divided into distillation and membrane methods. Distillation seawater or brackish water desalination is the process of heating seawater or brackish water to evaporate and vaporize, and then condensing the steam to obtain fresh water. Membrane seawater or brackish water desalination technology refers to the method of separating salt and water in seawater or brackish water by using natural or synthetic polymer membranes and using external energy or chemical potential difference as the driving force. [...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Solar power generation-membrane seawater or brackish water desalination system, the device is complicated, seawater or brackish water needs strict pretreatment, and the process is long

The desalination system that combines solar collectors with traditional seawater or brackish water desalination technology requires the installation of complex liquid spraying devices, and the spraying devices are easy to block, and uneven spraying can easily cause fouling of the heat transfer tubes, which affects the performance of the equipment. normal operation

Existing seawater or brackish water desalination systems that use solar energy to generate heat to drive seawater or brackish water to undergo a phase change under a certain degree of vacuum need to be equipped with vacuum pumps or jet pumps when vacuuming, which still consumes a lot of electric energy, resulting in unit The water production rate of energy consumption is small, which limits the promotion of solar seawater or brackish water desalination technology

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