Photocrosslinkable controlled-release long-acting pesticide preparation, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a photocrosslinkable controlled-release long-acting pesticide preparation, the controlled-release active component of which is photocrosslinkable carboxymethyl chitosan produced by the reaction between carboxymethyl chitosan and photocrosslinking agent 4-azidobenzaldehyde, and the preparation is prepared by the following method: the aqueous solution of carboxymethyl chitosan is taken, the organic solution of 4-azidobenzaldehyde is added according to the molar ratio (1:(0.01 to 10)) of the carbohydrate unit of carboxymethyl chitosan to 4-azidobenzaldehyde, uniform mixing is carried out under the temperature of 0 DEG C to 30 DEG C in the dark, and thereby photocrosslinkable carboxymethyl chitosan mixture is obtained; and the mixture is then added in pesticide, and is uniformly mixed in the dark. The preparation is sprayed or sprinkled on the surfaces of agricultural and forest plants, and can quickly respond to the solar ultraviolet light to initiate azido photocrosslinking to form pesticide membranes stuck on the surfaces or injured parts of plants, and thereby the quick loss of a great deal of pesticide can be avoided. The preparation method is simple, canbe easily operated, and is suitable for industrialized production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of pesticides, in particular to a photocrosslinkable controlled-release pesticide long-acting preparation and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Pests and diseases of agricultural and forestry plants often cause heavy economic losses to agriculture and forestry. In order to control or alleviate this harm, people often need to spray various pesticides to various agricultural and forestry plants. However, the existing pesticides have the following deficiencies: [0003] (1) The pest damage period of agricultural and forestry plants does not match the duration of existing pesticides. Since the growth cycle of agricultural and forestry plants is long, and different growth periods will be harmed by pests and diseases, it has a longer period of pest damage The duration of existing pesticides is as long as more than 10 days, and as short as only a few days, so pesticides must be use...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] (1) The pest damage period of agricultural and forestry plants does not match the duration of existing pesticides. Since the growth cycle of agricultural and forestry plants is long, and different growth periods will be harmed by pests and diseases, it has a longer period of pest damage The duration of existing pesticides is as long as more than 10 days, and as short as only a few days. Therefore, pesticides must be used many times during the hazard period, sometimes once a day, in order to achieve the purpose of controlling the hazard

[0004] (2) Many existing pesticides have inevitably caused serious pollution to the environment (including air, water quality and soil). Due to the poor adhesion of pesticides on the plant surface and the erosion of rainwater, etc., a large amount of pesticides have been lost (the loss rate is as high as 60-90%, only 30-10% are effectively used)

The lost pesticides enter the food chain of animals and plants through the polluted environment such as water bodies, causing serious threats to human health and ecology

[0005] (3) Large doses and frequent use of pesticides will also lead to resistance of diseases and insect pests, increasing the dosage and frequency of pesticide use

Most of these preparations have poor adhesion on the plant surface, which is not conducive to the long-term release of drugs on the surface of agricultural and forestry plants or the damaged parts. In addition, most of these preparations have the defects of complicated manufacturing process and high cost.

Chinese invention patent CN1561718A once disclosed a pesticide slow-release agent, which has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost, and can improve the utilization rate of pesticides. However, due to the use of non-biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol as the carrier material, it cannot Fundamentally solve the problem of environmental pollution; in addition, the preparation does not have controlled release performance

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