Ultrasonic preposed bidirectional vibration turning method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic preposed bidirectional vibration turning method. The method is characterized in that one end of each of two amplitude transformers vertically acts on the part, between a tool nose of the tool bar and a tool rest on which a turning tool is arranged, of a tool bar of a turning tool; the two amplitude transformers are not fixedly connected, but are in contact with the tool bar of the turning tool; the other end of each of the two amplitude transformers is connected with a transducer; the two transducers are electrically connected with ultrasonic generators; the two amplitude transformers are subjected to pressure; the amplitude transformers are in contact with the tool bar of the turning tool by the pressure all the time in the turning process; the two ultrasonic generators are actuated, so that an electric oscillation signal is converted to ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration by the transducers; in addition, the vibration phase difference of the two amplitude transformers is 180 degrees; the ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration of the transducers is amplified by the amplitude transformers to be transferred to the turning tool; the upper and the lower amplitude transformers generate the vibration on the tool bar of the turning tool alternately; the ultrasonic turning of a workpiece is realized; and the effects of ultrasonic vibration turning are ensured.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for performing ultrasonic turning on a workpiece on a lathe, and belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic turning. Background technique [0002] Ultrasonic vibration turning refers to the turning of the turning tool along the cutting direction at the vibration frequency and small amplitude of the ultrasonic range of vibration frequency f=16-50KHz and amplitude a=10-25μm. Utilizing this kind of vibration cutting, ultra-precision machining can be realized on ordinary lathes, that is, roundness, cylindricity, flatness, parallelism, and straightness can all be close to zero error, and lathes can be used instead of grinding. The application of ultrasonic turning has the following advantages: 1. Reduced cutting force: Vibratory turning is a kind of pulse cutting from a microscopic point of view. The effective cutting time of the tool in one vibration cycle is extremely short, and most of the time in one vibration cycle. ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The above-mentioned existing ultrasonic vibration turning methods are all fixedly connecting the horn and the turning tool bar (or turning tool) as a whole. The problem is that when the turning parameters (such as linear speed, cutting depth, feed rate, etc.) Stability directly affects the vibration of the turning tool tip and affects the quality of turning; even, under the condition of large load, large cutting force on the turning tool or large load changes, the output of ultrasonic energy is very small or even no output. , the tip of the turning tool will vibrate very little or even no vibration, and the effect of ultrasonic vibration will not be achieved when turning the workpiece; at the same time, because the pressure points A and B on the turning tool must be on the nodes of the ultrasonic output, due to each It is difficult to guarantee this due to the limitation of various conditions. If this requirement cannot be met, it is impossible to make the turning tool produce ultrasonic vibration.

In addition, because the impact of the horn is periodic, when only one horn is set to impact and vibrate the turning tool, the horn can only realize the half-wave impact vibration of the turning tool, and cannot keep the turning tool with a large amplitude all the time. vibration

This is also the essential reason why ultrasonic vibration turning has no industrial application so far.

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