Subsurface drilling tool

a drilling tool and subsurface technology, applied in earth drilling, cutting machines, construction, etc., can solve the problems of permanent damage to polycrystalline diamonds, affecting the efficiency of drilling, and the failure of drill bits and pdc cutters, so as to reduce the cutting of sticky clay or shale drills and improve efficiency.

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-03-19
JONES KEVIN DEWAYNE
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides a new and improved subsurface drilling tool that can efficiently drill hard rock formations. It includes a bit body or shank with a pin end and a cutting end. The cutting end has a plurality of ear portions that can hold a ball-shaped cutting tool, which has cones placed next to each other to form the ball shape. The cones rotate in opposite directions and are designed to crush hard rock formations. The tool also has blade inserts with cutting faces and trailing faces that fit inside the cones. The bit also includes a series of milling courses for removing particles of formation from the surface through the bore hole. The invention aims to improve the performance and efficiency of subsurface drilling tools.

Problems solved by technology

Additionally, the bit and the PDC cutters may be subjected to substantial abrasive forces.
In some instances, impact, vibration and erosive forces have caused drill bit failure due to loss of one or more cutters, or due to breakage of the blades.
Conventional polycrystalline diamond is stable at temperatures of up to 700-750° Celsius in air, above which observed increases in temperature may result in permanent damage to and structural failure of polycrystalline diamond.
Upon heating of polycrystalline diamond, the cobalt and the diamond lattice will expand at different rates, which may cause cracks to form in the diamond lattice structure and result in deterioration of the polycrystalline diamond.
Damage may also be due to graphite formation at diamond-diamond necks leading to loss of microstructural integrity and strength loss, at extremely high temperatures.
Exposure to heat (through brazing or through frictional heat generated from the contact of the cutter with the formation) can cause thermal damage to the diamond table and eventually result in the formation of cracks (due to differences in thermal expansion coefficients) which can lead to spalling of the polycrystalline diamond layer, delamination between the polycrystalline diamond and substrate, and conversion of the diamond back into graphite causing rapid abrasive wear.
As a cutting element contacts the formation, a wear flat develops and frictional heat is induced.
As the cutting element is continued to be used, the wear flat will increase in size and further induce frictional heat.
The heat may build-up that may cause failure of the cutting element due to thermal miss-match between diamond and catalyst discussed above.

Method used

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Examples

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Embodiment Construction

[0022]FIG. 1 illustrates a side elevation view of the subsurface drilling tool, particularly a drill bit, of the present invention. A rolling cutter, such as the one herein described, is a cutting element having at least one surface that may rotate within a cutter pocket as the cutting element contacts the drilling formation. As the cutting element contacts the formation, shearing may allow a portion of the cutting element to rotate around a cutting element axis extending through a central plane of the cutting element. The drill bit of the present invention includes a bit body or shank (10), wherein the shank (10) comprises a pin end (12) and an opposite cutting end (14). The shank (10) may be formed of material including, for example, metal, carbides, such as tungsten carbide, tantalum carbide, or titanium carbide, nitrides, ceramics and diamond, such as polycrystalline diamond, or a combination thereof. Also illustrated in FIG. 1, the pin end (12) has the usual threaded portion by...

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Abstract

The present invention relates in general to subsurface drilling tools, and more specifically, to a drill bit comprising a ball shaped cutting tool. The drill bit is configured so that a plurality of cones, forming the ball shaped cutting tool, rotate in opposite directions around an axle while the drill bit is drilling or cutting through the ground, rock, or other material. The drilling or cutting is accomplished by a plurality of blade inserts that fit inside and protrude therefrom a plurality of holes covering the exterior of the ball shaped cutting tool. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new and improved subsurface drilling tool that will efficiently drill hard rock formations.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION[0001]This is a Continuation Application of U.S. Ser. No. 14 / 290,597 filed May 29, 2014, which application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61 / 879,131 filed Sep. 13, 2013, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The present invention relates in general to subsurface drilling tools and cutting elements for drill bits or other tools incorporating the same. More specifically, embodiments disclosed herein relate generally to rotatable cutting elements for rotary drill bits for deep well drilling.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Drill bits used to drill wellbores through earth formations generally are made within one of two broad categories of bit structures. Depending on the application / formation to be drilled, the appropriate type of drill bit may be selected based on the cutting action type for the bit and its appropriateness for use in the particular formati...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & AuthorityApplications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): E21B10/22E21B10/633E21B10/16E21B10/18
CPCE21B10/22E21B10/16E21B10/633E21B10/18E21B10/10E21B10/52E21B10/08
InventorJONES, KEVIN DEWAYNE
OwnerJONES KEVIN DEWAYNE