The self-walking stretching type skin preparation device for neurosurgery comprises a shell, a handle, a support arm, a rotating shaft, a micro motor, a roller, a micro steering engine, a telescopic rod, a razor, a micro controller, a battery and a control button. The handle is rotationally connected at the upper end of the shell, the two pairs of supporting arms are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the bottom of the shell; the roller is correspondingly connected between the front ends of the supporting arms through the rotating shaft; the micro motor is positionedin the supporting arm and is respectively connected with the rotating shaft; the control button is arranged on the outer surface of the shell, the battery, the micro controller and the micro steeringengine are arranged in the shell from top to bottom, the telescopic rod is connected under the micro steering engine and penetrates through the bottom of the shell, and the razor is detachably connected to the lower end of the telescopic rod through the clamping head. In conclusion, the device has the advantages of high shaving efficiency, low accidental injury rate, easy operational procedure andthe like.