The invention relates to the technical field of valves, in particular to an overflow valve system for a railway locomotive. The overflow valve system comprises a pipe allowing the water flow to pass through. The pipe comprises a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is fixedly provided with a first overflow valve body, and a self-closed-type duckbill valve core is fixedly arranged between the first overflow valve body and the side wall of the water inlet. The pipe is internally provided with a blocking block, the portion, located in front of the blocking block, of the pipe side wallis provided with a first opening, the portion, located behind the blocking block, of the pipe side wall is provided with a second opening, the pipe is externally and fixedly provided with a second overflow valve body, and the second overflow valve body is internally provided with a valve cavity for enabling the first opening to communicate with the second opening. The valve cavity is internally provided with a rubber diaphragm, the rubber diaphragm isolates the first opening from the valve cavity and isolates the second opening from the valve cavity, and the side wall of the end, away from therubber diaphragm, of the second overflow valve body is provided with an air-through hole for enabling the valve cavity to communicate with the atmosphere. The pressure difference generated inside andoutside a box body is prevented, dirt discharging is smoother, and deodorization and anti-backwater effects are good.