Device and method for disposing low and medium-radioactivity solid waste by hot plasmas

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for disposing low and medium-radioactivity solid waste by hot plasmas. The device comprises a plasma melting gasification furnace, a hot plasma generator, a working gas preparation supply device, a cooling water supply device, a feeding device, a glass solidified body discharging and receiving device, a tail gas purification treatment device and corresponding measuring, controlling and monitoring systems. Organic and inorganic carbonaceous compositions in the waste are gasified by the hot plasmas in a low-temperature area of a hearth, generated ash and inorganic substances in the waste are melted in a high-temperature area of the hearth, added glass organizers are regulated so that radioactive nuclides are stably fixed in glass organizers, and flue gas meets emission requirements of air quality standards after being subjected to purification treatment. Besides, the device and the method for disposing the low and medium-radioactivity waste are environment-friendly, a disposal process is safe and reliable, disposal storage space for radioactive waste can be greatly reduced, national emission standards are met, and the purpose of minimized and stabilized disposal for the radioactive waste is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of treating low- and medium-level radioactive solid wastes by using thermal plasma volume reduction and solidification. Background technique [0002] The operation and maintenance of nuclear power plants and the wide application of radioisotopes in production and physical and chemical experiments, the proper management and safe disposal of various radioactive wastes have become one of the important issues that need to be solved urgently. The volume reduction of radioactive waste and the fixation of radionuclides are the focus of radioactive waste treatment. Cement solidification and concrete fixation are currently the most commonly used radioactive waste treatment methods. However, both cement curing and concrete fixation are volume-enhancing processes, although further compaction of waste packages, etc., can be done with compressors. However, the volume reduction effect of these treatment processes is lim...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the volume reduction effect of these treatment processes is limited, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of nuclide leaching and diffusion in waste

Incineration can have a significant volume reduction effect on combustible waste, but the problem of dioxin pollution generated during the incineration process has always been the focus of attention

At the same time, because the amount of flue gas produced by incineration is very large, a large amount of flue gas not only increases the burden and cost of tail gas treatment, but also easily causes the further diffusion of radionuclides with the flue gas, which is not conducive to the capture and disposal of radionuclides. control

In addition, the incineration temperature is limited, and the incombustibles produced, such as ash, cannot be melted, and radionuclides and other heavy metals that seriously pollute the environment cannot be captured and solidified.

Images