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Method for preserving soil moisture for dry field through maize straw mulching

A technology of corn stalks and straws, which is applied in the field of dryland corn stalks to cover and preserve moisture, can solve the problems that wheat growth is susceptible to drought and dryland corn stalks cannot be effectively used, and achieve the goals of suppressing weeds, strong drought resistance of wheat, and reducing surface runoff Effect

Active Publication Date: 2013-12-25
CROP INST SICHUAN PROVINCE ACAD OF AGRI SCI +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The invention provides a method for protecting moisture by covering corn stalks in dry land to solve the problem that corn stalks in dry land cannot be effectively utilized and wheat growth is susceptible to drought. And can supplement soil organic matter, promote sustainable agricultural development

Method used

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  • Method for preserving soil moisture for dry field through maize straw mulching
  • Method for preserving soil moisture for dry field through maize straw mulching

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0017] 1) After the corn is harvested, the stalks are chopped and covered on the wheat sowing belt, and the straws are connected end to end, so as to avoid the bare surface of the wheat sowing belt as much as possible.

[0018] 2) Before wheat sowing, the corn stalks are transferred to the blank row reserved next to it, and the sowing belt is prepared by rotary tillage or manual excavation.

[0019] 3) After the land preparation, spread the base fertilizer on the sowing belt, with the amount of pure nitrogen 7kg / mu, phosphorus pentoxide 6kg / mu, and potassium oxide 5kg / mu.

[0020] 4) After spreading the base fertilizer, use a 2B-4 type seeder to sow, and each sowing belt sows 4 rows, and each row

[0021] The distance is 25cm.

[0022] 5) After sowing, cover the straw between the sowing rows of the wheat sowing belt, which can not only achieve the effect of moisture conservation, but also not affect the emergence of wheat seedlings.

Embodiment 2

[0023] Example 2 This method was adopted in Jielin Village, Yucheng Township, Jianyang City, from 2008 to 2009. After the corn was harvested on August 15, 2008, the stalks were cut down and covered on the wheat sowing belt on the spot, and the wheat was sown on November 5. Remove the stalks before planting, and cover the stalks between the wheat sowing rows after sowing. The soil moisture content of the plow layer before sowing wheat in this method is 19.2%, and that in fields without straw mulching is 18.1%; the emergence rate of wheat in this method is 92.0%, and that in fields without straw mulching is 87.2%; The moisture contents were 16.2%, 15.4%, 12.1%, respectively, and the fields without straw mulching were 14.7%, 13.9%, and 9.7%; the wheat yield per unit area of ​​this method was 260.8kg / mu, and the field without straw covering was 234.2kg / mu.

Embodiment 3

[0024] Example 3 This method was adopted in Jielin Village, Yucheng Township, Jianyang City, from 2009 to 2010. After the corn was harvested on August 20, 2009, the stalks were cut down and covered on the wheat sowing belt on the spot, and the wheat was sown on November 3. Remove the stalks before planting, and cover the stalks between the wheat sowing rows after sowing. The soil moisture content of the plow layer before sowing wheat in this method is 22.3%, and that in fields without straw mulching is 18.6%; the emergence rate of wheat in this method is 91.5%, and that in fields without straw mulching is 85.8%; The moisture contents were 14.1%, 12.6%, and 15.3%, respectively, and the fields without straw mulching were 11.9%, 11.8%, and 12.4% respectively; the wheat yield per unit area of ​​this method was 218.2kg / mu, and the field without straw mulching was 150.4kg / mu.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preserving soil moisture for a dry field through maize straw mulching. The method includes the following steps: (1) dividing the field into wheat sowing zones and reserved blank zones which are adjacent after maize harvesting, alternatively arranging the wheat sowing zones and the reserved blank zones, enabling straws to cover the wheat sowing zones after the straws are cut with the zone width of the wheat sowing zones and the reserved blank zones being 0.8-1.2m; (2) moving the straws on the reserved blank zones on the side after the straws cover the wheat sowing zones for 80-90 days; (3) conducting soil preparation on the wheat sowing zones and applying fertilizer after soil preparation; (4) sowing wheat on the wheat sowing zones, sowing 3-5 rows of wheat on each wheat sowing zone and enabling the straws to cover the space between the wheat sowing rows after the sowing process. By means of the method, the problem that the maize straws in the dry field cannot be effectively utilized, and the wheat is prone to dryness during growth can be solved. The method is less in labor consumption, simple to operate and good in soil moisture preservation effect. The wheat is good in dryness resistance, soil organic matters can be supplemented, and agricultural sustainable development is promoted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of farming and cultivation, in particular to a method for protecting moisture by covering corn stalks in dry land. Background technique [0002] The cultivated land in Southwest China is mostly distributed in hilly land, and the wheat / corn intercropping planting mode is the dominant planting mode in this area. Wheat is sown in the first ten days of November, and 0.7-1.0m is reserved in the middle of each sowing belt (0.7-1m in width). Corn is sown on the reserved blank belt in early April, and the corn is mature and harvested in early and mid-August. [0003] Before the 1990s, corn stalks were mainly used as livestock feed and living fuel. After the corn was harvested, the stalks were cut down and transferred out of the field. With the change of rural fuel structure and livestock feed structure, the amount of fuel and feed straw has been greatly reduced, and due to the complex topography of the southwest re...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01G1/00A01G13/02
CPCY02A40/28
Inventor 汤永禄李朝苏黄钢吴春吴晓丽
Owner CROP INST SICHUAN PROVINCE ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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