53results about How to "Increase the internal friction angle" patented technology

The invention discloses a deepwater single-wall steel plate pile cofferdam structure with low buried depth. The structure comprises a plurality of bored piles, a steel plate pile cofferdam around the bored piles, bagged sand positioned outside the cofferdam and arranged on the surface of a river bed, and high-pressure rotary jet piles constructed in the cofferdam and outside the bored piles, wherein the plane size of the cofferdam is greater than that of a bearing platform to be constructed so as to reserve a construction space. By using the steel plate pile cofferdam, the deepwater low pile bearing platform and the underwater part of a pier of a bridge can be constructed with relatively low cost and minimum construction risk, and a double-wall steel cofferdam scheme with relatively high cost does not need to be adopted for construction, so that the turnover steel consumption of the cofferdam serving as a temporary project is saved, and the application range of the deepwater steel plate pile cofferdam construction technology is enlarged.

The invention discloses a composite reinforced roadbed and a construction method. The composite reinforced roadbed comprises water-permeable concrete piles, waste tires, connection pieces and gravels, wherein the water-permeable concrete piles are sequentially poured to peaks of triangles according to the shapes of equilateral triangles; each longitudinally cut waste tire is fixed on a steel bar of each water-permeable concrete pile; the water-permeable concrete piles are connected through the connection pieces in sequence and are buried on the roadbed; the equilateral triangles and the tires are filled with the gravels; the structure is filled with the soil roadbed. According to the composite reinforced roadbed, the waste tires are arranged at the bottom of the roadbed and replace part of the soil body; compared with the friction force in the soil body, the friction force between the soil body and the waste tires or the friction force caused by indirect contact between the gravels and the tires is obviously increased; in spite of cohesive soil or non-cohesive soil, the cohesive force of the soil body or the inner friction angle of the soil body can be increased; the stability of a slope of the roadbed is improved.

The invention provides a grouting reinforcement method for a broken top board in a coal seam during surface drilling and a grouting device. The method is large in operation space and does not need thespecial step of hole sealing, thereby reducing the technical difficulty of borehole grouting. Defects in the prior art are resolved such as great limit of underground grouting to drilling angles, small grouting range, great difficulty in hole sealing, outflow possibility of slurries and poor grouting effect. According to the broken top board in a coal seam and the ground condition, the grouting method comprises the following steps: setting borehole density, depth and diameter and orderly performing drilling operation; selecting proper grouting material and utilizing the grouting device to perform grouting operation. The grouting device utilizes a metering pump to suck raw material. The raw material is prepared at accurate ratio. By arranging a pressure gage and a flowmeter, grouting pressure and flow are stable and controllable. The slurry dispersion area is large. The grouting effect is good. Multi-hole grouting technology helps achieve all-round cover of the broken top board. The overall strength of super thick, relatively thick broken top boards in the coal seam are greatly increased.

The invention discloses a rubbish landfill site intermediate covering layer and a preparation method and application for the rubbish landfill site intermediate covering layer and belongs to the technical field of rubbish landfill. The intermediate covering layer comprises at least three layers of function layers arranged in a stacked manner, each function layer comprises a water storage layer, a discharge guiding layer and a low permeability layer from outside to inside in sequence, the water storage layers are mainly composed of recycled fine aggregate with the particle size being less than 5mm, the discharge guiding layers are mainly composed of recycled coarse aggregate with the particle size being 10-40 mm, the low permeability layers are mainly composed of renewable powder with the particle size being less than 2 mm, and the recycled fine aggregate, the recycled coarse aggregate and the renewable powder are all obtained by processing building rubbish. By means of the intermediatecovering layer, mechanical properties of a rubbish body are improved, and the intermediate covering layer provides a certain degree of anti-permeability and air-tight function serving as temporary covering, because used materials are all landfill building rubbish in landfill sites, 'filling rubbish with rubbish', recycling utilization of the building rubbish is realized, and the rubbish landfillsite intermediate covering layer and the preparation method and application for the rubbish landfill site intermediate covering layer have the characteristics of being convenient to draw materials, low in cost, capable of saving energy, environmentally friendly, good in durability and the like.

The invention discloses a tailing pond ecological treatment method. The method comprises the steps that (1), slope surface topography finishing and danger removing are conducted; (2), net hanging andanchoring rod construction treatment are conducted on the slope surface of the edge slope; (3), a water pump and an irrigation system are arranged, and a percolating water at the deep layer of the tailing pond is extracted to be used for the irrigation system; (4), soil similarity culture medium bottom layer spraying sowing is conducted; (5), soil similarity culture medium surface layer spraying sowing is conducted; (6), edge slope curing management is conducted, wherein the edge slope curing management comprises the steps of non-woven fabric coating on the surface layer of the soil similarityculture medium, non-woven fabric reinforcing, watering, fertilizer applying, plant diseases and insect pests preventing and treating, replanting and later-period monitoring. The invention provides the edge slope plant tailing pond ecological treatment method which has a reasonable and stable soil structure and can rapidly form ecological system stability.

The invention relates to a composite structure with a high bearing capacity. The composite structure with the high bearing capacity comprises a part A and a part B. The part A is provided with a cavity, and the part B is a solidifiable material filled in the cavity and is under the pressure in the solidification process. The part B comprises a part B1 and a part B2, a material B1 is a cement-basedmaterial, a material B2 is a solidifiable material, and the material B2 has relatively high flowability compared with the material B1. A built-in or/and external volume compensation device is/are arranged. When the material(s) B1 and/or B2 are/is contracted and the material B2 has flowability, the built-in volume compensation device is expanded, or the external volume compensation device squeezesthe flowing and semi-flowing solidifiable material or solid material into a material B2 area in the cavity. The volume compensation device fills up the contracted volume, the pressure of the materialB2 in the cavity is maintained, and the pressure of the material B1 is further maintained. Optimally, the flowing time of the material B2 is larger than the time for the material B1 to arrive at a contraction turning point, and the pressure maintaining time at least exceeds the time for the contraction turning point of the material B1 to appear.

The invention discloses a refuse landfill sealing top layer and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of landfill. The sealing top layer comprises at least three functional layers, the functional layers comprise a water storing layer, a guiding discharging layer and a low-permeability layer which are successively stacked from outside to inside, and the water storing layer is mainly composed of recycled fine aggregates with the particle size less than 5 mm; the guiding discharging layer is mainly composed of recycled coarse aggregates with the particlesize between 10 mm-40 mm; the low-permeability layer is mainly composed of natural soil; the processing of building rubbish is conducted to obtain the recycled fine aggregates and the recycled coarseaggregates. The sealing top layer is composed of the above particle size combinations of the recycled building rubbish aggregates and the natural soil, the seepage-proofing and leakage stopping functions are effectively achieved, rubbish is filled with rubbish, the recycle of the building rubbish is achieved, the capacity occupied by the building rubbish in a landfill is released, and compared with a traditional soil sealing top layer, the refuse landfill sealing top layer has the advantages that the consumption of soil resources is greatly reduced, the construction is simple, raw materials can be conveniently obtained, the cost is low, and the durability is good.

The invention relates to a gob-side entry driving method based on a complete period of roadway service and adopting a grouting anchor cable, belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and solves the problems of difficult supporting in an existing gob-side entry driving period, and complex advanced supporting operation and high labor intensity of workers in a later-period working face stoping period. The gob-side entry driving method comprises the following steps: driving along the edges of gobs in adjacent sections; laying metal meshes on the top plate and the two sides of a roadway; installing the hollow grouting anchor cable in a anchor cable hole in the top plate of the roadway, and installing a hollow grouting anchor rod and a high-strength anchor rod in anchor rod holes in the side of a coal pillar and the side of a working face separately; distributing observation equipment used for monitoring the fracture development of surrounding rock of the roadway on the surrounding rockof the roadway, and obtaining the fracture development degree of the surrounding rock of the roadway through the observation equipment; grouting to the hollow grouting anchor cable and the hollow grouting anchor rod on the basis of the fracture development degree of the surrounding rock of the roadway; and step S6, continuously cyclically repeating the steps S1-S5 until the gob-side entry drivingis completed. The gob-side entry driving method is easy to operate, and capable of greatly reducing the labor intensity of the workers, and the cost.

The invention discloses engineering simulative Mars soil for ground tests of a touring device. The Mars soil is formed by mixing scoria powder of the Jingyu Shuangshan volcano and ilmenite powder, wherein the weight percentage of the scoria powder of the Jingyu Shuangshan volcano is 96%, and the weight percentage of the ilmenite powder is 4%. The particle morphology of the simulative Mars soil is similar to that of Mars soil. The spectral change curve of volcanic ash of the Jilin Jingyu Shuangshan volcano is similar to that of Olympus-Amazonis. The volcanic ash of the Jilin Jingyu Shuangshan volcano is red which is closest to the color of weathered materials on the surface of Mars. The engineering simulative Mars soil guarantees that the ground tests are carried out smoothly and various tests are reliable, and enables Mars exploration plans to be smoothly carried out.

The invention discloses an ecological treatment method for a side slope of a stony desertification area. The method comprises the following steps that (1) slope terrain finishing and danger removal are conducted; (2) the slope is subjected to slope-to-terrace engineering; (3) the side slope is subjected to slope net hanging and anchor rod construction; (4) a drainage system is arranged on the sideslope; (5) through a spray-seeding mode for a loam-similar medium, the side slope is subjected to seed spray-seeding including spray-seeding for a substrate layer and a surface layer of the loam-similar medium; (6) the side slope is subjected to care management, wherein non-woven fabric covers the surface layer of the loam-similar medium and is fastened, and watering, fertilization, prevention and treatment of diseases and pests, seed supplement and later monitoring are conducted. According to the ecological treatment method for the side slope of the stony desertification area, the soil structure is reasonable and stable, the ecological system can be quickly formed, and the method is stable.

The invention discloses a chemical improvement curtain and a well point dewatering foundation pit water stop structure and a construction method. The method comprises the following steps that (1) a site is leveled to the designed elevation; (2) a foundation pit supporting and retaining structure is constructed, and a crown beam is installed at the upper end of the foundation pit supporting and retaining structure; (3) a chemically-improved grouting curtain is constructed; (4) a plurality of dewatering wells are excavated on the inner side of the chemically-improved grouting curtain, and a water suction pump is installed; and (5) the foundation pit is excavated, and graded sloping treatment is conducted till the depth of the foundation pit meets the design requirement; and the water suction pump continuously operates in the excavation process, so that the underground water level is 2.8-3.0 m below the working face. The chemically-improved grouting curtain water stop and well point dewatering foundation pit water stop combined structure is more suitable for foundation pit water stop in a water-rich silt area, and instability caused by the characteristics of large water content, low strength, large compressibility, large water permeability and the like of silt engineering can be effectively dealt with.

The invention discloses deep roadway prestress full-anchor supporting construction equipment and a construction method thereof. The deep roadway prestress full-anchor supporting construction equipmentcomprises an anchor bolt for being inserted into a roadway anchor hole, an injection machine for providing primary grout and secondary grout for the anchor bolt, and a pressure maintaining pipeline for being connected with the anchor bolt and the injection machine. The anchor hole is provided with an inner end and an outer end opposite to the inner end, the anchor bolt is coaxially inserted intothe anchor hole, and the anchor bolt is provided with a first end and a second end opposite to the first end. After the anchor bolt is coaxially inserted into the anchor hole, the first end is locatedat the inner end, and the second end is located at the outer end. An injection clearance exists between the periphery of the anchor bolt and the anchor bolt, and the injection clearance at the innerend of the anchor holt is used for allowing the first grout to be injected into, so that the first end of the anchor bolt is anchored; and the injection clearance at the other positions of the anchorhole is used for allowing the secondary grout to be injected into, so that the anchor bolt is anchored in the whole length direction. And a layered grouting manner is adopted, so that the more than 90% of the clearance in the anchor holt is filled with the grout, the compactness is high, and whole-length anchoring of the anchor bolt is achieved.

The invention discloses a mud-loving grouting reinforcement material and a grouting process. The mud-loving grouting reinforcement materialcomprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45%-55% of calcium oxide, 5%-15% of sulfur trioxide, 15%-25% of silicon dioxide, 5%-15% of aluminum trioxide, 1%-5% of calcium silicate and 3%-10% of calcium sulfate. The mud-loving grouting reinforcement material is good in cohesiveness, high in strength and free of pollution, compared with a traditional inorganic grouting material, the water drainage amount is greatly reduced, in cooperation with the grouting technology, the cohesive force, the internal friction angle and the elastic modulus of rock mass are improved in mud soft rock roadway grouting reinforcement, the capacity of an anchoring body for resisting external shear damage is improved, chemical materials which are high in cost, serious in pollution and poor in later-stage reinforcement effect can be completely replaced, and the problem of grouting reinforcement of high argillaceous rocks, which puzzles many coal mines, is solved.

The invention discloses a method for realizing gob-side entry retaining through a grouting anchor cable. The method includes the steps of designing a tunnel needing to be reserved for use, isolating a goaf, and keeping the tunnel complete to serve as a transportation, ventilation and pedestrian tunnel of a next working face; constructing an anchor cable hole according to design, installing and anchoring the anchor cable and sealing the hole; reinforcing a top plate through early grouting during pushing-gathering so that the tunnel and the top plate can be glued into a whole, arranging the anchor cable along the boundary of the goaf, erecting nogs, point pillars and gangue bags along the boundary for blocking after pushing-gathering of the tunnel so that boundary overlocking and topping of the goaf can be achieved, and pressing the top plate through the goaf till the top plate breaks and naturally collapses because no support exists above the goaf so that the tunnel can be reserved. The top plate is secondarily reinforced through grouping by reasonably using the grouping anchor cable, the reinforcing effect is remarkable, the surrounding rock of the top plate is stable, the overall mechanical performance is remarkable, the horizontal stress of two banks is reduced, the overall deformation of the tunnel is reduced by about 70%, the support cost is reduced, the tunnel is not secondarily repaired, and later-period workloads are reduced.

The invention discloses an urban air pollution control method, which comprises the following steps: (1) determining the city wind direction and the pollution source; (2) establishing an isolation belt; (3) carrying out net hanging and rod anchoring construction on the isolation belt surface; (4) spraying the surface of the isolation belt by using loam-like substrates, including the subbase of theloam-like substrates and the surface of the loam-like substrates; (5) carrying out a maintenance management, including covering the surface of the loam-like substrates with non-woven fabrics and strengthening non-woven fabrics, watering, fertilizing, controlling pest, replanting and post-monitoring. The urban air pollution control method provides a green isolation belt which can quickly form a stable ecosystem, thereby reducing the air pollution to the city.

The invention belongs to the technical field of coalmine production and construction, and particularly relates to a rock cross-cut coal uncovering section coal body dust reduction and reinforcement structure and a construction method thereof. The rock cross-cut coal uncovering section coal body dust reduction and reinforcement structure comprises a reinforcement layer arranged on the surface of a coal body and a plurality of water injection holes penetrating the interior of the coal body; the reinforcement layer is formed by cement spraying; the water injection holes are radially distributed in the direction from the surface of the coal body to the interior of the coal body; in the water injection stage, a dilatation water injector is arranged in each water injection hole; after completion of water injection, the water injection holes are filled with concrete, and steel wire ropes are pre-buried in the concrete. According to the rock cross-cut coal uncovering section coal body dust reduction and reinforcement structure and the construction method thereof, the water injection holes are radially distributed, in the water injection stage, as the sealing depth is great, greater water injection pressure can be applied, water can fully diffuse to moisture the coal body so as to achieve the dust reduction effect; besides, in the reinforcement stage, concrete columns in the water injection holes can wrap the coal body, so that the reinforcement effect is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a water guide device for a soft soil foundation with high water content. The water guide device comprises a plurality of PVC pipes, high-pressure rotary spraying pipes and water drainage pipes, wherein one end of each PVC pipe is closed, and the PVC pipes are vertically placed in the soft soil foundation in rows; a plurality of reserved holes are formed in the side wall ofthe part, located in the soft soil foundation, of each PVC pipe; the high-pressure rotary spraying pipes are coaxially arranged in the PVC pipes in a sleeved mode, and outlets in the bottom ends of the high-pressure rotary spraying pipes are used for spraying air into the PVC pipes; the high-pressure rotary spraying pipes are lifted from bottom to top in the air spraying process until the high-pressure rotary spraying pipes are separated from the PVC pipes, so that high-pressure air is sprayed out from the reserved holes, and a plurality of transverse splitting drainage channels are formed inthe soft soil foundation; and the water drainage pipes are coaxially arranged in the PVC pipes in a sleeved mode, and are used for pumping and guiding water in the soft soil foundation into the PVC pipes through the drainage channels and guiding the water out through the water drainage pipes. According to the water guide device for the soft soil foundation with the high water content, the water insoft soil sludge is gathered into the PVC pipes and is discharged to the outside, so that the drainage consolidation can be accelerated, and the construction period can be shortened.

The invention relates to a leakage-proof stope face roof comprising supporting columns arranged at an interval and a beam erected on the supporting columns. The bottoms of the supporting columns are fixed on a tunnel bottom plate, the beam is fixedly arranged at the tops of the supporting columns, a filling buttress is filled between one side, facing the side wall of a tunnel, of one supporting column and the supporting column, the upper side of the beam faces a top plate of a tunnel, and fillers are filled between the beam and the top plate. The stope face protection roof is capable of improving supporting quality and guaranteeing stoping safety, cohesive force and an internal friction angle between a fracture and a coal-rock mass are increased by means of erecting a Malisan material layer, resistance of relative displacement between the inside of a rock mass and a stope face is increased, and integral stability of the coal-rock mass and stoping safety are improved.

The invention discloses a silt slope stability control method for fixing slope by using a chemical improvement reagent. The method comprises the following steps that 1) the chemical improvement reagent, which is a mixed solution of lime, sodium silicate, silica powder or calcium lignosulphonate and water, is prepared; 2) a chemical improvement reagent is put into a solution tank; 3) a plurality of grouting steel pipes are sequentially pressed into a silt layer of the side slope, and the grouting steel pipes are connected through grouting pipe connecting valves till the total length of the grouting steel pipes reaches the designed depth; 4) a grouting hose is connected between the solution tank and the grouting steel pipes, and a grouting pump is arranged on the grouting hose; 5) a grouting pump is started, a chemical improvement reagent is injected into the silt layer, and the grouting steel pipes are gradually lifted until the grouting steel pipes are separated from the ground surface; 6) the grouting pump is closed, and the grouting steel pipes are disassembled; and 7) the steps 3)-6) are repeated, and construction of the next grouting point is conducted till grouting is completed in all the set areas of the slope. According to the method, the internal friction angle and cohesive force of silt are increased through the chemical improvement reagent, and slope reinforcement is achieved.

The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a multi-temperature maintenance combined structure, and the combined structure. The combined structure comprises a part A and a part B, wherein the part A is provided with a cavity, the part B is a solidifiable material filled in the cavity, is under the action of pressure in a solidification process, and comprises a part B1 and a part B2, the material B1 is a cement-based material, the material B2 is a solidifiable material, the material B2 has relatively high fluidity compared with the material B1, and the materials B1 and B2 in the cavity ofthe part A undergo a temperature and pressure process in the cavity. The invention discloses a combined column containing a single column and a latticed column containing the single column, wherein the single column is manufactured by adopting the manufacturing method of the multi-temperature maintenance combined structure.

The invention relates to a low-pressure vault steel storage tank foundation, and mainly solves the problem that the economy is poorer due to the fact that a whole reinforced concrete raft and ring wall foundation form is adopted when the diameter of a low-pressure storage tank is continuously extended in the prior art. The adopted low-pressure vault steel storage tank foundation mainly comprises ring wall type extended foundations, a filler layer and reinforcement bodies, wherein the ring wall type extended foundations are located at the lower part of the storage tank, the filler layer is located between a bottom plate at the lower part of the storage tank and the ring wall type extended foundations, and at least one layer of reinforcement bodies is arranged in the filler layer. By means of the technical scheme of the low-pressure vault steel storage tank foundation, the problem is better solved.

The invention discloses a cement mortar suitable for anti-seepage reinforcement of water-rich karst large-cavity strata. The cement mortar suitable for anti-seepage reinforcement comprises water, cement, sands and a modifier, a weight ratio of the cement to the sands to the modifier is 1:(0.4-0.75):(0.01-0.0125), the modifier is a mineral additive, and the mineral additive mainly is sodium aluminate. The product has the advantages of stable basic mortar performances, adjustable mortar setting time, adjustable fluidity, good water flow scouring resistance, high concretion rate and high strengthwhen applied to the anti-seepage reinforcement of the water-rich karst large-cavity strata; the cost of the mortar is same to that of a common cement mortar; and the superior stability and the scouring resistance of the mortar greatly reduce the mortar consumption, so the engineering cost is reduced, and the mortar is friendly to the environment.