Method for eliminating horizontal current in aluminum cell aluminum liquor

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis tank which is used in the production of primary aluminum by the Hall-Herolut electrolysis method. Particularly, the invention relates to a method for eliminating horizontal current in aluminum liquid in the aluminum electrolysis tank. The method comprises: the lower part or lower surface of a cathode carbon block is provided with an electric conductor directly penetrating the tank bottom. The method has the advantages of eliminating the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid in the aluminum electrolysis tank, making the current density distribution on the surface of the cathode carbon block more uniform, improving current efficiency, greatly improving stability of the aluminum electrolysis tank and prolonging servicelife of the aluminum electrolysis tank. The method is strong in practicability. The method can fundamentally solve the problem of the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid, and has very importantdirective significance on the development of the large-sized aluminum electrolysis tank.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technology of producing primary aluminum by the Hall-Erou electrolysis method and the equipment for implementing the technology-aluminum electrolytic cell. Specifically, it relates to a method for eliminating horizontal current in molten aluminum in an aluminum electrolytic cell. Background technique [0002] Metal aluminum is produced industrially by molten salt electrolysis, that is, electrolytically dissolving alumina in an electrolyte with molten cryolite as the main component. At present, the main method used is the Hall-Heroult electrolysis method. [0003] The direct equipment for the production of electrolytic aluminum is an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell is mainly composed of two parts, one part is the anode, which is made of carbon materials into blocks; the other part is the cathode, which is made of carbon blocks and lining materials. [0004] The existing cathode structure is to install a cathode ste...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the electrolytic cell of this structure, there is a very big disadvantage in the cathode conductive structure: because the cathode steel rod and the cathode carbon block are placed horizontally in the same direction, a very large horizontal current is generated in the aluminum liquid, which is in line with the vertical magnetic field in the aluminum liquid The action produces very harmful electromagnetic force, which causes serious instability in the production of the electrolytic cell and reduces the current efficiency

At the same time, the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid can also cause uneven current density distribution on the surface of the cathode carbon block, making the current density at the end of the cathode carbon block the largest, thereby significantly accelerating the corrosion of the graphitized cathode carbon block here and reducing the life of the electrolytic cell

The problem of cathode current density distribution and the existence of horizontal current limit the design of modern large-scale electrolyzers to develop in a wide direction, resulting in a serious imbalance in aspect ratio

[0005] As the capacity of the electrolytic cell increases and the width of the electrolytic cell increases, the horizontal current generated by the existing cathode conductive structure will be larger, the current density distribution on the surface of the cathode carbon block will be more uneven, and the production stability of the aluminum electrolytic cell will be more stable. deterioration, the current efficiency is difficult to meet the ideal requirements, which restricts the development of large-capacity aluminum electrolytic cells and restricts the improvement of aluminum industry production technology

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