The invention relates to an aluminum smelting purifying agent, in particular to a refining agent for smelting an aluminum alloy and applied to purification treatment in a smelting furnace in the process of aluminum and aluminum alloy smelting, and a preparation method of the refining agent. The refining agent is prepared from the following raw materials in part by weight: 26 to 34 parts of sodium nitrate (NaNO3), 30 to 40 parts of potassium nitrate (KNO3), 15 to 22 parts of sodium aluminofluoride (Na3AlF6), 4 to 6 parts of calcium fluoride (CaF2), 6 to 12 parts of graphite (C), and 2 to 4 parts of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The preparation method of the refining agent comprises the following steps of: putting the raw materials of the sodium nitrate, the potassium nitrate, the sodium aluminofluoride, the calcium fluoride, the graphite and the sodium carbonate into a drying type rotary composite stirrer; stirring the raw materials for 60 to 90 minutes at 150 to 250 DEG C; and finally, preparing a powdery refining agent finished product. The refining agent has strong refining capability, has an obvious function in improving the quality of aluminum industry products, is low in cost and less in used amount, significantly saves the cost, improves the working environment of workers, and causes less environmental pollution.