The invention relates to a charing and gasification composite furnace, which can realize charing and gasification of to-be-processed materials such as garbage, sludge, sawdust, ground bark, rice husk, rice straw, peanut shell, peanut vine, coconut shell, palm shell, hemp xyloid stem, cotton stalk and straw, and two products of combustible gas and charcoal with calorific value of greater than 10-12 MJ/Nm<3> can be obtained. The charing and gasification composite furnace comprises a multistage pyrolysis channel, a flue gas channel, an oil and gas separator and a combustion gas combustion furnace. The multistage pyrolysis channel comprises a feed inlet of a to-be-processed material, a discharge port, an oil returning port, a volatile matter guiding outlet, a charcoal discharge port, and can form a segmentation sleeve with the flue gas channel; the discharge port is positioned at the pyrolysis channel with the feed inlet, the oil returning port is positioned at a middle and rear part of the pyrolysis channel; the volatile matter guiding outlet and an inlet of the oil and gas separator are connected; an oil chamber at the upper part of the oil and gas separator is connected with the oil returning port on the multistage charing pipe through an oil pump; and a gas chamber at the upper part of the oil and gas separator is simultaneously connected with a contact tube and a combustion gas combustion furnace. A connection pipe is arranged on a flue gas channel on outside of the pyrolysis channel with the oil returning port, and is connected with the combustion gas combustion furnace, and the flue gas departs from the channel, then passes through the high and low temperature material channels.