102results about "Alkali metal hydroxides" patented technology

The present disclosure relates to the field of the preparation of high purity sodium and the safe treatment of sodium calcium slag, and discloses a method and apparatus for sodium slag recovery by using gravity separation—controllable combustion—alkaline liquor leaching process for the preparation of high purity sodium and safe treatment of sodium calcium slag. The method comprises the following steps: (1) subjecting a liquid sodium slag to a gravity stratification to obtain pure metallic sodium and high calcium content sodium slag; (2) roasting the high calcium content sodium slag to obtain a roasting slag; and (3) leaching the roasting slag by using an alkaline liquor to obtain the sodium hydroxide solution and calcium hydroxide. The method and apparatus provided by the present disclosure have advantages including high efficiency separation of sodium and calcium, saving separation time, safe and controllable production process, and continuous production process, thereby providing a safe and efficient method for the preparation of high purity sodium and safe treatment of new sodium calcium slag generated by the method, allowing continuous production of high purity sodium and safe recycle of new sodium calcium slag.

The invention discloses a method for converting lithium hydroxide into lithium carbonate. The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing or taking a lithium hydroxide solution and a carbonate solution; s2, putting the lithium hydroxide solution and the carbonate solution into electrodialysis equipment, and carrying out electrodialysis treatment; and S3, after electrodialysis is finished, collecting a lithium carbonate solution, and sequentially carrying out lithium precipitation and solid-liquid separation on the lithium carbonate solution to obtain the battery-grade lithium carbonate. According to the method for converting lithium hydroxide into lithium carbonate disclosed by the invention, CO2 is replaced by carbonate, so that the generation of lithium bicarbonate is avoided, the lithium carbonate and the byproduct alkali liquor are directly obtained, the raw material source is wide, the preparation condition is mild, the production cost is greatly reduced, and the method has huge potential economic benefits.

The invention discloses a method for sequestration of carbon by using strong brine wastewater of a steel plant and a used device, and belongs to the technical field of tempering co-production process production. The method comprises a sodium carbonate production process I and an ammonium chloride production process II which form a cycle; raw materials NH3, salt NaCl and gas carbon dioxide are continuously added into the circulating system, and meanwhile sodium carbonate and ammonium chloride products are continuously produced; the raw material carbon dioxide comes from steel mill blast furnace top gas, steel rolling heating furnace tail gas or lime kiln tail gas; the raw material salt NaCl comes from concentrated salt wastewater of a steel mill; the raw material NH3 is from a byproduct coke oven gas generated in the production process of a steel enterprise and a coking plant. According to the method, sodium carbonate is prepared by fully utilizing three wastes, the situation that soxhlet and Hou's alkali production is adopted in the traditional alkali production industry to damage natural ecology and generate a large amount of waste gas, waste water and waste residues is broken, and double protection of resource recycling and environment is realized.

An integrated energy system including a power plant is discussed herein. In some examples, the integrated energy system may include at least one nuclear reactor and electrical power generation system configured to generate steam and electricity, a water treatment plant configured to produce Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) from salt water, a Sodium Formate (HCOONa) production plant configured to receive the Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) to produce Sodium Formate (HCOONa), a Thermal Decomposition reactor configured to receive the Sodium Formate (HCOONa) and configured to receive at least a first portion of the steam or at least a second portion of the electricity from the power plant to indirectly heat the Thermal Decomposition reactor to produce Hydrogen (H2), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), and Carbon Monoxide (CO) from the Sodium Formate (HCOONa), and a Methanol (CH3OH) reaction chamber configured to receive the Hydrogen (H2), the Carbon Dioxide (CO2), and the Carbon Monoxide (CO) to produce Methanol (CH3OH).

A process method for treating lignin purification wastewater comprises a pretreatment section, a reaction section and a tail gas treatment section, the pretreatment section comprises an adjusting hardness removal unit, a tubular microfiltration unit, a bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit and a sludge thickening, dewatering and drying unit; the reaction section sequentially comprises a first-stage anaerobic unit, a second-stage anaerobic unit, an ozone catalytic oxidation unit and a BAF unit; the tail gas treatment section comprises an alkali liquor absorption unit and a methane storage unit. The modified anion exchange membrane is used for electrodialysis, so that most organic matters in the wastewater are intercepted in the desalinized solution, and most salt is converted into sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. In the process method, recycling and zero emission of wastewater are realized, waste gas is stored in a tank and can be used as fuel, salt is converted into sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide products, and integral recycling of water, gas and solid is realized.

A method for producing soda ash from flue gases involves capturing and processing the gases to remove contaminants and produce a high-purity soda ash. The process involves passing flue gas through a carbon capture system, where nitrates and sulfates are removed from the gas. The gas is then scrubbed with a rich caustic, causing a chemical reaction that removes carbon dioxide. The resulting product is then separated into a purified Na2CO3 product, essentially pure soda ash.

This invention relates to the fields of high-purity sodium preparation and safe disposal of sodium-calcium slag, and discloses a method and apparatus for preparing high-purity sodium and safely disposing of sodium-calcium slag using a gravity separation-controlled combustion-alkali leaching process. The method includes the following steps: (1) gravity separation of liquid sodium slag to obtain pure sodium and high-calcium sodium slag; (2) calcination of the high-calcium sodium slag to obtain calcined slag; (3) leaching of the calcined slag with an alkaline solution to obtain sodium hydroxide solution and calcium hydroxide. The method and apparatus provided by this invention have advantages such as high efficiency in separating sodium and calcium, saving separation time, safe and controllable production process, and continuous production process. It provides a safe and efficient method for the preparation of high-purity sodium and safely disposes of the new sodium-calcium slag generated by this method, realizing the continuous preparation of high-purity sodium and the safe recycling of new sodium-calcium slag.

The disclosure provides a method for recycling waste cathode by soluble calcium salt. The method for recycling waste cathode by soluble calcium salt comprises the following steps: S1, screening waste cathode; S2, mixing soluble calcium salt with water to prepare first slurry; S3, mixing first powder and the first slurry, and performing flotation under the assistance of ultrasonic, separating upper flotation foam, and then filtering to obtain first filtrate and first filter residue; S4, performing acid leaching on the first filter residue, and filtering to obtain second filtrate and second filter residue, wherein the second filter residue is calcium fluoride; S5, evaporating the second filtrate to obtain aluminum salt; and S6, evaporating and drying the first filtrate to obtain an alkali mainly containing sodium hydroxide.

Provided is a method for concentrating a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution including: in a stepwise concentration process of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, including a concentration part in which a plurality of evaporators from a first evaporator to a nth evaporator are connected in series, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to the first evaporator and then performing evaporation to obtain a first sodium hydroxide concentrate, and recovering steam evaporated from the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution; and adding the first sodium hydroxide concentrate to an evaporator at a subsequent stage, and adding the steam recovered from the first evaporator to a mechanical vapor recompression device to perform compression, wherein the nth evaporator uses the compressed steam as a heat source.

This application relates to the field of organic synthesis technology, specifically disclosing a process for preparing tert-butyl vinyl ether. The raw materials include solid tert-butanol, acetylene, tetrahydrofuran solvent, and potassium hydroxide catalyst, supplemented with auxiliary materials such as type 3A molecular sieves and activated alumina adsorbents. The preparation method involves: after dehydration and purification of the raw materials, the materials are introduced into a reaction vessel; temperature and pressure are controlled, and the reaction endpoint is monitored using an infrared spectrometer; byproducts are quenched and acetylene is recovered; the process involves multi-stage condensation, water washing to remove impurities, distillation separation, and solvent purification and recycling, with simultaneous integration of waste heat recovery and continuous material feeding. The tert-butyl vinyl ether prepared by this process, as an important fine chemical intermediate, can be used in coatings, adhesives, and polymer material modification, possessing advantages such as high purity and good stability. The preparation method achieves efficient utilization of materials and energy through multi-stage synergistic linkage, combining the advantages of green environmental protection, continuous and stable operation, and high resource utilization.

The present invention provides a method (700) and apparatus for producing liquid sodium from sodium hydroxide other than by electrolysis. The method comprises reacting solid-phase sodium hydroxide in an anoxic environment with an amount of liquid sodium in excess of the stoichiometric amount thereof required to produce sodium oxide and hydrogen gas, capturing at least some of the hydrogen gas, phase-separating at least some of the sodium oxide from the excess amount of liquid sodium, thermally decomposing at least some of the sodium oxide under vacuum to produce sodium vapour and oxygen gas, condensing at least some of the sodium vapour to produce liquid sodium, and recycling some of the liquid sodium thus produced to the reaction with the solid-phase sodium hydroxide. Subject to real-world losses and inefficiencies, the amount of liquid sodium produced by condensing the sodium vapour is double the stoichiometric amount thereof required to react with the sodium hydroxide, so that half of it may be recycled back to this reaction, whilst recovering the same amount of sodium from the sodium hydroxide. This chemical cycle therefore analyses the sodium hydroxide into its constituent elements without consuming the liquid sodium with which the sodium hydroxide reacts and without using electrolysis. It therefore effectively provides a chemical alternative to the electrolytic production of liquid sodium via the Castner process, whilst also consuming less energy than the Castner process because of the latter's inherent inefficiency. The corresponding apparatus comprises a gas-tight reaction vessel for reacting the sodium hydroxide with the liquid sodium in an anoxic environment and capturing the hydrogen gas, a solid-liquid sodium phase separator for separating the sodium oxide from the liquid sodium, a vacuum chamber for thermally decomposing the sodium oxide into sodium vapour and oxygen, a sodium condenser for condensing the sodium vapour, and a liquid sodium return path for returning liquid sodium from the sodium condenser to the gas-tight reaction vessel. [Fig. 2]

Disclosed in the present invention is a system for online conversion of a sodium source into heat energy and hydrogen. A pipe orifice of a sodium injection pipe is arranged in the upper end of a reactor, a sodium reaction baffle is arranged below the pipe orifice, and a sodium hydroxide solution channel is arranged on the sodium reaction baffle, or a sodium hydroxide solution channel is arranged between the sodium reaction baffle and a side wall of the reactor. The speed of input water vapor is controlled, so as to maintain the concentration of the water vapor in the reactor within a relatively low range, and the highest temperature in the reactor is controlled to be less than 300ºC by adjusting a sodium injection one-way valve or / and adjusting a water vapor injection one-way valve or / and adjusting the heat exchange amount of a condenser, such that sodium combustion caused by an overly-high temperature is avoided, and corrosion to a device caused by high-temperature substances is effectively relieved. The arranged sodium reaction baffle can enable a sodium hydroxide solution coating layer having a high density and a low viscosity to be separated from sodium, such that the surface of sodium is exposed, thereby realizing rapid oxidation of sodium and low-concentration water vapor and maintaining a relatively high level of efficiency in terms of productivity.

Methods for immobilizing carbon dioxide and producing stabilized amorphous alkaline earth metal carbonates are provided.

The invention discloses a bipolar membrane electrodialysis-based carbonate brine treatment method and device, carbonate brine is added into a prepared low-concentration sodium metaaluminate solution through a chemical precipitation tank for precipitation reaction, suspended solids are removed through a filter, organic matters are removed through an activated carbon adsorption tower, and finally a refined solution is obtained through an ion exchange system; the refined liquid is introduced into a treatment device salt chamber, the voltage is controlled to be 1.5-2.5 V / membrane pair, and circular treatment is performed; deionized water is supplemented to the alkali chamber and the acid chamber respectively, high-purity NaOH is obtained in the alkali chamber, and high-purity carbon dioxide is obtained in the acid chamber. According to the present invention, the efficient separation treatment of the carbonate brine is achieved, the impurities can be effectively removed, the high-purity NaOH and the high-purity carbon dioxide are obtained, the treatment energy consumption is low, the cost is controllable, and the high-value resource utilization of the carbonate brine is achieved.

Disclosed herein are methods of capturing CO2 from a gas source using electrochemically-enhanced amine capture to form a concentrated CO2 vapor, followed by sequestering CO2 from the concentrated vapor in a sequestration step. The sequestration step includes contacting the concentrated vapor with an aqueous sequestration solution comprising ions capable of forming an insoluble carbonate salt, such that the aqueous sequestration solution comprises the CO2, electrochemically basifying the sequestration solution, thereby precipitating a carbonate solid, separating the carbonate solids from the aqueous sequestration solution or the surface of the mesh.

A method of digesting lignocellulosic material includes mixing lignocellulosic material comprising lignocellulosic biomass, a polymeric naphthalene sulfonate, sodium xylene sulfonate, and a white liquor comprising sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide to form a mixture. In addition, the method further includes heating the mixture to digest at least a portion of the lignocellulosic material.

The bubble cap layer adjustable chlorine drying tower for sodium hydroxide production comprises a tower body, one side of a tooth roller and one side of a tooth plate are installed in a meshed mode, one end of the tooth roller is fixedly connected with a rotating handle, a splicing inserting block is installed on the inner wall of a splicing inserting groove in an inserted mode, and fixing bolts are installed at the upper end and the lower end of the splicing inserting groove in an inserted mode. A bubble cap plate is fixedly connected to one side of the splicing inserting block, a bubble cap is installed at the upper end of the bubble cap plate, and a pulley is installed on one side of the bubble cap plate in a rolling mode. According to the chlorine drying tower with the adjustable bubble cap layer for sodium hydroxide production, the bubble cap plate can be quickly pulled, disassembled and assembled through the closed mounting block, the sealing ring, the sealing groove and the mounting insertion groove, replacement and cleaning are convenient, and the bubble cap plate can be independently disassembled and assembled with the closed mounting block through the splicing insertion block, the splicing insertion groove and the fixing bolt; and the bubble cap plate can rotate the tooth roller through the rotating handle, so that the tooth roller is in meshed connection with the tooth plate, the bubble cap plate is driven to be subjected to lifting adjustment on the tooth plate, and adjustment is more convenient.

A method for recovering an active metal of a lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application whereby a used lithium-containing mixture is prepared, and the used lithium-containing mixture is treated with a hydrogen reduction to prepare a preliminary precursor mixture. The preliminary precursor mixture is washed with water to generate a lithium precursor including lithium hydroxide. Lithium hydroxide can be obtained by the washing treatment with high purity.

The present invention discloses a method for continuous treatment of TDI waste brine, which belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment. The method of the present invention comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of the TDI waste brine to acidic, then subjecting the acidic waste brine to a peroxidation adsorption column and simultaneously subjecting it to ultraviolet irradiation to perform photocatalytic oxidation and adsorption reaction; after the reaction is completed, adjusting the pH value of the acidic waste brine to alkaline, then passing the alkaline waste brine through a stripping tower to remove small molecule organic matter, and obtaining waste brine after continuous treatment. The continuous treatment method of the present invention can completely remove organic matter from the TDI waste brine, and the treated waste brine has a TOC of less than 10 ppm and a TN of less than 3 ppm, and can be used as a raw material for the chlor-alkali ion membrane preparation process of caustic soda, so that the sodium chloride and water in the waste brine are recycled, achieving zero discharge of the waste brine and solving the problem of environmental pollution. In addition, the treatment method of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, and cost-effective.

A process is provided for capturing and transporting carbon dioxide in a solid or liquid mixture. In this process, a liquid base is added to carbon dioxide to produce a carbonate, the carbonate is then stored or transported to a second facility where an acid is added to the carbonate to release carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide can then be used as needed. The liquid base or the acid may be mined, collected from an industrial waste stream (fly ash), or produced by a chemical or electrochemical process including electrolysis, electrodialysis, or salt splitting.

The invention provides a preparation method of photovoltaic potassium hydroxide, and relates to the technical field of potassium preparation. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out vacuum gradient crystallization on a KOH raw material to realize crude purification, carrying out centrifugal separation on wet crystals generated after crude purification, dissolving, carrying out three-stage counter-current extraction to obtain photovoltaic-grade KOH, extracting mother liquor generated after crude purification, and circularly carrying out vacuum gradient crystallization; dissolving the wet crystals in ultrapure water to prepare a KOH solution, filtering the KOH solution, enabling the KOH solution and an extracting agent to enter a three-stage counter-current extraction tower for three-stage counter-current extraction, carrying out nanofiltration and ultrafiltration on an output raffinate phase to obtain a photovoltaic-grade KOH product, and regenerating an output loaded organic phase to realize recycling; a microwave generating device is arranged on the three-stage counter-current extraction tower and is used for applying pulse microwaves to the mixing area in the tower. The sodium removal rate is increased, the solvent consumption is reduced, and the generation of hazardous wastes is reduced.

The application belongs to the field of electronic grade material preparation. An electronic grade potassium hydroxide and a preparation method of an electronic grade potassium hydroxide solution are provided. The preparation method of the electronic grade potassium hydroxide solution comprises the following steps: S1. loading the crystalline and purified potassium hydroxide crystals into an alkali corrosion resistant container to form a crystal layer, the thickness of the crystal layer is L cm; S2. applying a periodically changed negative pressure at the bottom of the crystal layer; S3. continuously adding a washing liquid A at the top of the crystal layer, and collecting a daily use grade potassium hydroxide solution at the bottom of the crystal layer; when the impurity content of the solution at the outlet of the bottom of the crystal layer in step S3 is less than or equal to a set value, step S4 is performed; S4. continuously adding a washing liquid B at the top of the crystal layer, and collecting an electronic grade potassium hydroxide solution at the outlet of the bottom of the crystal layer; S5. when the thickness of the crystal layer is 1 / 4L-1 / 2, continuously adding a washing liquid C at the top of the crystal layer, and collecting a material liquid C at the bottom of the crystal layer. The method can produce electronic grade potassium hydroxide and electronic grade potassium hydroxide solution with stable quality and high yield.

The application discloses a method for comprehensively treating red mud and integrating with an alumina production process to realize step-by-step energy utilization, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgy and resource recycling. The method specifically comprises the following steps: oxygen, water vapor, coal powder and red mud powder are sprayed into a flash smelting furnace from a burner at the top of a coal gasification flash smelting furnace, high-temperature heat and high-reducing gas generated by coal gasification are utilized to directly smelt and reduce Fe2O3 in the red mud to produce molten iron, and after the red mud and the coal powder liquid slag are tempered, rock wool or other fiberized materials are directly produced, sodium oxide in the red mud is converted into sodium hydroxide for recycling and reuse; after smelting is completed, high-temperature coal gas waste heat is recovered to produce steam for use in an evaporation section of an alumina production process, coal gas is used in a roasting section of the alumina production process, and roasting tail gas is used for red mud drying. The application realizes integration of red mud treatment and the alumina production process and process reengineering, meets the energy needs of two process courses through clean and efficient step-by-step utilization of coal, realizes energy saving and emission reduction, and has no secondary pollution.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an alkaline subcritical water composition, a water-containing composition, a device, and a container which are capable of inhibiting corrosion of a reaction device and capable of decomposing a polymer and the like. The present disclosure is an alkaline subcritical water composition having a pH of 13.7 or less and a potential of 400 mV or more when a current density exceeds 10 mA / cm2 in an anodic polarization curve in which a steel material is used in a test electrode.

A sea water desalination process and plant wherein intake sea water is delivered to at least one reverse osmosis pass comprising at least one reverse osmosis membrane to produce permeate product water and brine; wherein at least a portion of the brine is delivered to at least one reactor 2 for the removal of carbonates-based chemical in the brine by precipitating calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate is converted in a regenerator 10 to produce calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide. This provides for a series of benefits in the overall cost efficiency and sustainability of the process / plant.

The invention discloses a process method for treating lignin purification wastewater. The process method comprises a pretreatment section, a deep treatment section and a regeneration section, the pretreatment section comprises an adjusting hardness removal unit, a tubular microfiltration unit, a bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit and a sludge thickening, dewatering and drying unit; the deep treatment section sequentially comprises a first-stage anaerobic unit, a second-stage anaerobic unit, a Fenton oxidation unit, a nanofiltration unit and a neutralization unit; the regeneration section comprises a single-membrane electrodialysis unit, a regeneration unit and a methane storage unit. A modified anion exchange membrane is adopted in bipolar membrane electrodialysis, most organic matters are intercepted in desalinated liquid, and most salt is converted into sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. By adopting the process method disclosed by the invention, the lignin purification wastewater is recycled and zero-discharged, the waste gas is stored in a tank and can be used as fuel, salt is converted into sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide products, and the overall recycling of water, gas and solid is realized.

An integrated energy system including a power plant is discussed herein. In some examples, the integrated energy system may include at least one nuclear reactor and electrical power generation system configured to generate steam and electricity, a water treatment plant configured to produce Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) from salt water, a Sodium Formate (HCOONa) production plant configured to receive the Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) to produce Sodium Formate (HCOONa), a Thermal Decomposition reactor configured to receive the Sodium Formate (HCOONa) and configured to receive at least a first portion of the steam or at least a second portion of the electricity from the power plant to indirectly heat the Thermal Decomposition reactor to produce Hydrogen (H2), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), and Carbon Monoxide (CO) from the Sodium Formate (HCOONa), and a Methanol (CH3OH) reaction chamber configured to receive the Hydrogen (H2), the Carbon Dioxide (CO2), and the Carbon Monoxide (CO) to produce Methanol (CH3OH).

There are provided processes and systems for producing an alkali metal compound. In particular, there are provided processes and systems for producing an alkali compound that involve the combined use of electrochemical cells and generators (e.g. steam or electrical power).

The invention relates to a method for recycling white carbon black wastewater, in particular to a process for extracting sodium sulfate from saline water containing organic matters, silicon dioxide and sodium sulfate and converting the sodium sulfate into acid and alkali to be reused in a production process, which comprises the following steps: introducing a solution containing the organic matters, the silicon dioxide and the sodium sulfate into an inorganic membrane device; introducing the permeate of the inorganic membrane device into a reverse osmosis device to obtain a high-concentration sodium sulfate solution; introducing the reverse osmosis concentrated solution into an evaporative crystallization device to obtain anhydrous sodium sulphate; dissolving anhydrous sodium sulphate, and introducing the dissolved anhydrous sodium sulphate into a bipolar membrane device for electrolysis to obtain a sulfuric acid solution and a sodium hydroxide solution; sodium sulfate can be extracted from organic matters, silicon dioxide and sodium sulfate, and the sodium sulfate is converted into acid and alkali.