Process and device for smelting copper by pulsation vortex method

Abstract

The invention relates to a process and a device for smelting copper by a pulsation vortex method. The process comprises the following steps of: mixing dry copper concentrate powder or matte powder with oxygen-enriched air, and putting the mixture in a reactor to form high-speed vortex taking an axis as a center; introducing pulsation oxygen into the center of the high-speed vortex, performing pulsation combustion to generate pulsation turbulent flow in the high-speed vortex so as to promote particles to collide with one another, then forming a pulsation vortex reaction area with a high-temperature field, a high oxygen field and a high particle field, and completing a reaction of manufacturing the matte and slag from the copper concentrate or manufacturing crude copper and slag from the matte; after the reaction, precipitating fused materials in a fusing pool at the bottom of the reactor, and then separating the matte and slag or the crude copper and slag; and sending SO2 gas fume to an acid preparation process. The process and the device have the advantages of: 1, high reaction efficiency, high oxygen utilization efficiency and low fume yield; 2, high capacity, low energy consumption, small reaction space, centralized heat energy reacted, low loss of a refractory material of a furnace body, no need of a huge metallurgical hearth and low investment cost; and 3, environmental protection and simple, convenient and reliable technological operation.

Description

Copper smelting process and device by pulsating swirling method technical field The invention relates to the metallurgical technical field of copper, nickel, lead, etc., in particular to a copper smelting process and device by a pulsating swirl method. Background technique Copper is mainly sulfide ore and oxide ore in nature, especially sulfide ore is the most widely distributed, and about 80% of copper ore exists in the form of Cu-Fe-S ore. Pyrometallurgy is usually used to extract copper from such ores. The general process is: copper sulfide ore → mining process → copper concentrate → smelting process → matte copper → blowing process → crude copper → anode furnace process → anode copper →Electrolysis process→High-purity cathode copper. At present, the smelting process mainly includes flash smelting and bath smelting. Because flash smelting has the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, and environmental protection, more than 60% of the copper in the world today i...

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Problems solved by technology

At present, the smelting process mainly includes flash smelting and bath smelting. Because flash smelting has the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, and environmental protection, more than 60% of the copper in the world today is produced by the flash smelting process. Flash smelting The principle of the process is: the dry copper concentrate powder particles are completely dispersed and suspended by the distribution wind in the reaction tower, and the oxygen and the suspended concentrate particles react in the entire space of the reaction tower. This process has the following problems: First, the reaction is in The entire reaction tower space is carried out, so the heat load is large, the furnace wall is scoured seriously, and the furnace life is short; secondly, because the concentrate particles are dispersed and suspended, the probability of collision between particles is small, the reaction is incomplete, there are overoxidation and underoxidation, and the smoke and dust The incidence rate is high; the third is that the heat load is particularly large under the condition of high feeding. Generally, when the heat load exceeds 2200MJ / m3.h, the reaction tower of the flash furnace cannot bear it, so the high production capacity of a single flash furnace is limited.

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