Method for measuring sediment concentration through density of muddy water

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for measuring sediment concentration through density of muddy water. The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing, namely (1) weighing mass of sediment MS which serves as a sand sample, putting the sediment into a container, measuring volume VW of clear water, pouring the clear water into the container, and stirring to form muddy water; (2) measuring volume V of the muddy water obtained in the step (1), and calculating volume VS of the sediment in the muddy water according to a formula of VS=V-VW; and (3) calculating density of the sediment according to a formula of rhos=Ms / Vs; and 2) testing, namely (1) weighing mass M of muddy water to be measured, and measuring volume V of the muddy water to be measured; (2) calculating density of the muddy water according to a formula of rho=M / V and calculating density of the clear water according to a formula of rhoW=MWVW; and (3) calculating to obtain the volume concentration of the sediment according to a formula of CV=(rho-rhoW)(rhoS-rhoW). The method can be applied to sediment concentration measurement in muddy water rivers, hydropower stations, water pumping stations and the like, sediment concentration measurement in simulation test devices and calibration of various concentration measurement instruments in pressure flow and open-channel flow, as well as solid particle concentration measurement for all solid-liquid two-phase flows comprising solid particles.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for measuring sediment concentration, in particular to a method for measuring sediment concentration through muddy water density. Background technique [0002] In our daily life, industrial and agricultural production, and scientific research work, we often need to know or measure the proportion of two or more different media mixed together, and the concentration is often expressed in liquid. For example, in muddy water containing silt particles, it is often necessary to measure the concentration of these silt particles in the water. Concentration has two main expressions, namely volume concentration and mass concentration. In terms of sediment concentration, the volume concentration C V is the ratio of the volume of sediment in muddy water to the total volume of muddy water, and the mass concentration C M It is the ratio of the mass of sediment in muddy water to the total mass of muddy water. In engineering practi...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The above-mentioned weighing method has the following three disadvantages: 1. If the mineral types of solid particles such as sediment are different, and the proportions of various minerals are different, their densities will be different. Generally, the density of quartz sand is used to replace the sediment containing different minerals The density is bound to bring great errors due to its uncertainty; the filtration of sediment needs to be very meticulous and cautious, and a little carelessness may increase the test error due to the introduction and removal of sediment

2. The operation process is cumbersome and labor-intensive

3. Since the filtration and drying of sediment are very cumbersome and time-consuming, a lengthy measurement process is often required, and the measurement results cannot be obtained immediately. We can only take samples first, and then choose the timing to measure and determine C' M , making it impossible to obtain the concentration or sand content value for a long time after the test, and errors in the test process cannot be found in time

Although the density of minerals that make up sediment particles is definite and measurable, when a variety of different mineral particles are combined into sediment in a definite but unknown specific ratio, the density is uncertain, so it cannot be calculated and can only be measured

However, there are gaps between sediment particles, and the gaps are also different due to different particle sizes, gradations and compaction degrees, so the sediment density cannot be accurately measured in the atmosphere

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