A locking system for the bottom door of a railway hopper car

Abstract

The invention discloses a bottom door locking system of a railroad hopper car, comprising a bottom door, a primary locking device and a secondary locking device and further comprising a ground collision device, wherein the bottom door, the primary locking device and the secondary locking device are arranged at the bottom of the hopper car; the ground collision device is positioned on the ground and matched with the locking devices to realize the opening and closing of the locking devices; the secondary locking device is a four-lever transmission mechanism with motion dead points and includes an unlocking lever contacting to the ground collision device to drive, a connection lever connected with the unlocking lever and formed into a transmission structure with a latch hook, the latch hook for locking or unlocking the bottom door by a rotation, and a unit for driving the latch hook to reset automatically. The primary and secondary locking devices of the railway hopper car can realize the automatic unlocking, the bi-directional driving to open and close the bottom door automatically, and the automatic locking, so the whole system does not need the manual operation or use any auxiliary power to avoid error operations; the system is structured compactly, simply and reliably; the railway hopper car with the system can prevent the trains from arranging and grouping along a fixed direction, so the turnaround time is saved; and both idle and loaded cars can drive along any direction, the eccentric wear of the cars is avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of design and manufacture of railway wagons, in particular to the technical field of design and manufacture of automatic doors for railway wagons, in particular to a locking system for a bottom door of a railway hopper car. Background technique [0002] The opening and closing mechanism of the bottom door of railway coal trucks is limited by the vehicle structure and vehicle boundaries, and usually can only be installed on the bottom or side of the car body. The opening and closing of the bottom door is realized by means of pneumatic, hydraulic, and electric control. It is found that there are the following problems: complex structure, complex operation, low transmission efficiency, large self-weight, low unloading efficiency, and high manufacturing, operation and maintenance costs. At present, the bottom door of the railway bottom hopper car starts to use a mechanical linkage transmission mechanism to contr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] The opening and closing mechanism of the bottom door of railway coal trucks is limited by the vehicle structure and vehicle boundaries, and usually can only be installed on the bottom or side of the car body. The opening and closing of the bottom door is realized by means of pneumatic, hydraulic, and electric control. It is found that there are the following problems: complex structure, complex operation, low transmission efficiency, large self-weight, low unloading efficiency and high manufacturing, operation and maintenance costs, etc.

[0003] Chinese patent 03236004.5 discloses a funnel-type railway wagon bottom door opening and closing mechanism. This mechanism has strict requirements on the direction of coal wagons entering the unloading yard, which is not conducive to the improvement of the efficiency of coal wagons, and has a greater impact on the efficiency of the railway transportation system. On the other hand, since vehicles can only unload in one direction and heavy vehicles can only run in one direction, it is easy to cause partial wear of the wheels and increase the workload of vehicle maintenance

[0004] Chinese patent application 201310187725.1 discloses the opening and closing mechanism of the bottom door, which can realize the automatic unloading of forward and reverse bidirectional operation, but these mechanisms only adopt the self-locking method of the opening and closing mechanism of the bottom door to lock the bottom door

In this scheme, the main shaft of the bottom door is fixed with the lock pin and the frame of the truck to limit the rotation of the main shaft to achieve two-stage locking. Logically, it belongs to the "series" mechanism. It will inevitably swing left and right when running on the top. The contact wheel used in this method may not be in contact with the door opening slope and cannot be unlocked; the compression may be too large and the lock pin will be bent; The shaft is locked, and the bottom door may be accidentally opened after other components have problems, so this solution cannot effectively achieve the "secondary locking function"

[0006] Chinese patent application 201310571667.2 provides a solution of a secondary locking device for the bottom door and a hopper car, which realizes the secondary locking of the bottom door through contact and cooperation between the hook part and the pin fixed on the bottom door. However, the unlocking command and the door opening command of this scheme are all issued by the door opening handle of the switch door arm, which belongs to the "parallel" mechanism logically, and the unlocking and opening and closing of the door are performed at the same time. It may cause the bottom door to open, so this solution cannot effectively realize the "secondary locking function"

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