Water- and fertilizer-saving method of winter wheat water and fertilizer integration
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A winter wheat, water and fertilizer technology, applied in fertilization methods, botanical equipment and methods, watering devices, etc., can solve the problems of agricultural water waste, waste, and nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate of less than 30%
Active Publication Date: 2019-07-23
SHANDONG AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
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However, the per capita water resources and per mu water resources in this region are only 20% and 18% of the national average, respectively, and the water productivity is only 1.2kg / m 3 About 50% of that of developed countries, water shortage and agricultural water waste coexist; nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate is less than 30%, significantly lower than that of developed countries, and the waste is serious
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Embodiment 1
[0064] The experiment was carried out in the field of Dasi Village, Mazhuang Town, Daiyue District, Shandong Province, and the high-yielding winter wheat variety Shannong 29 was planted. The soil in the 0-20cm soil layer below the surface of the test field contains 14.8g kg of organic matter -1 , total nitrogen 1.2g kg -1 , containing 113.8, 46.1 and 126.7mg kg of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium, respectively -1 . The soil texture is silt loam. The planting mode of winter wheat and summer corn is adopted throughout the year, and the stalks of winter wheat and summer corn are all crushed and returned to the field.
[0065] Winter wheat was sown on October 9, 2014. The water and fertilizer saving method of winter wheat water and fertilizer integration is used as follows:
[0066] 1. Determination of soil moisture and precipitation during the growth period
[0067] (1) When sowing, the soil bulk density of the 0-20 and 20-40cm so...
Embodiment 2
[0119] The experiment was carried out on the sandy loam plot of Xuanzhuang Village, Daolang Town, Daiyue District, Shandong Province, and Jimai 22, a high-yielding winter wheat variety, was planted. The contents of clay, sand and silt in the 0-100cm soil layer of the test field were 7.1%, 60.8%, and 32.1%, respectively. 0-20cm soil layer soil contains organic matter 13.25g kg -1 , total nitrogen 0.70g kg -1 , containing 88.55, 43.21 and 70.77 mg kg of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium, respectively -1 .
[0120] Wheat was sown on October 6, 2014. The water and fertilizer saving method of winter wheat water and fertilizer integration is used as follows:
[0121] 1. Determination of soil moisture and precipitation during the growth period
[0122] (1) When sowing, the soil bulk density of the 0-20 and 20-40cm soil layers under the surface of the wheat field was measured to be 1.41 and 1.48g cm respectively -3 The soil water holdin...
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water and fertilizer integration water and fertilizer saving method for winter wheat. The method includes the steps that according to the content of soil available potassium and the level of a target yield, the reasonable application amount of potassium fertilizer and the proportion of bottom application potassium fertilizer to dressing potassium fertilizer are determined; in a high-potassium high-yield land parcel, by decreasing the total amount of applied potassium in the whole growth period, meanwhile decreasing the proportion of the bottom application potassium fertilizer and increasing the proportion of the dressing potassium fertilizer, the potassium supply intensity of the winter wheat in the peak period of potassium needing is guaranteed. Soil fertility, soil texture, the target yield and other factors are comprehensively considered, according to the features of wheat field oil fertilizer supply at the present and the fertilizer requirement law of the winter wheat, while the usage amount of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer is decreased, a core technology is characterized in that the usage amount of the potassium fertilizer is decreased, and the potassium supply structure is optimized by reducing bottom fertilizer and increasing dressing, irrigation supplementation as required and a water and fertilizer integrated technology are organically fused, and therefore the purposes that the high yield is ensured, input is reduced, and the utilization rate of the potassium fertilizer is increased are achieved. The pertinence and adaptability are high, and broad application and popularization prospects are achieved.
Description
[0001] (1) Technical field [0002] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular relates to a water-saving irrigation method for winter wheat, according to the law of fertilizer requirement of winter wheat and the coupling relationship between water and fertilizer, during the key growth period of winter wheat fertilizer requirement, nitrogen is applied in a certain proportion along with irrigation water , Phosphorus, Potassium and other water-soluble fertilizer technologies. It is suitable for water-saving, fertilizer-saving and high-yield cultivation of wheat in the Huanghuai and northern winter wheat regions of China. [0003] (2) Technical background [0004] The Huanghuai and northern winter wheat regions are the main wheat producing areas in China. The winter wheat planting area accounts for about 63% of the country's wheat planting area, and the total production accounts for about 73%. It is crucial to ensuring national food security...
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