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A method for making three-dimensional variable density porous materials based on the principle of starch fermentation

A technology of starch fermentation and porous materials, applied in the field of porous materials, can solve the problems of low thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity, and achieve the effect of low raw material cost, high electrical conductivity and compressive strength, and environmental friendliness

Active Publication Date: 2019-10-01
HARBIN INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This method aims at the problems encountered in the preparation method, variable density transition, pore size, porosity and strength of variable density porous materials at present. The three-dimensional variable density porous material prepared by simple fermentation, drying and high temperature carbonization process has high conductivity. , variable density, low thermal conductivity and high strength

Method used

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  • A method for making three-dimensional variable density porous materials based on the principle of starch fermentation
  • A method for making three-dimensional variable density porous materials based on the principle of starch fermentation
  • A method for making three-dimensional variable density porous materials based on the principle of starch fermentation

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specific Embodiment approach 1

[0027] Specific embodiment one: a kind of method for preparing three-dimensional variable density porous material based on starch fermentation principle in the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:

[0028] Step 1. Mix dry yeast with deionized water, add starch, stir mechanically for 10 minutes and shape it, and then ferment at a humidity of 75% and a temperature of 30°C until it becomes inelastic when pressed with fingers (the fermentation time generally takes 60 minutes) , the amount of each raw material in step 1 is shown in Table 1:

[0029] Table 1 raw material ratio table

[0030] serial number Deionized water dry yeast starch 1 130ml 4g 200g 2 120ml 3g 200g 3 110ml 2g 200g 4 100ml 1g 200g

[0031] Step 2. Then knead it into the designed shape, stack it from bottom to top according to the order of the amount of dry yeast from the least to the most, and ferment for the second time at a humidity ...

specific Embodiment approach 2

[0035] Embodiment 2: The carbonized porous skeleton structure was prepared according to Embodiment 1, stirred for 20 minutes and formed. The humidity was 80%, and the temperature was 35° C. and fermented for 60 minutes. After pressing it with fingers without elasticity, knead it into a set shape, and continue to ferment for 60 minutes at a humidity of 80% and a temperature of 38°C. The precursor obtained by the above fermentation was put into a drying oven and heated for 40 minutes to obtain a solidified starch porous structure. The porous material was dried in a vacuum oven for 12 hours. Then put it into a tube furnace, pass in an inert gas, and set the carbonization temperature at 1000°C for 3 hours of carbonization. After carbonization, it is cooled to room temperature under the protection of inert gas argon to obtain a carbonized porous framework structure. The density is 54mg / cm 3 For this material, the compressive stress is 1.9MPa and the strain is 1.7%.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a three-dimensional variable-density porous material based on a starch fermentation principle, which belongs to the field of porous materials. The method comprises the following steps: adopting starch, yeast and water as raw materials, fermenting the raw materials to form pores, implementing a variable-density process, curing, roasting, forming, carbonizing under the protection of the high-temperature inert gas, naturally cooling, and drying to obtain the three-dimensional variable-density porous carbon material. Scanning electron microscope andX-ray refraction representation show that the material has a porous orderly graphite structure; the mechanics test shows that the three-dimensional variable-density porous material has relatively highcompression resistance under the low density and is a low-cost and environment-friendly ideal three-dimensional porous material.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of porous materials; in particular, it relates to a preparation method of a three-dimensional variable density porous material with variable density structure, high conductivity and high strength. Background technique [0002] Stealth material is an important part of stealth technology. On the premise that the shape of equipment cannot be changed, stealth material is the material basis for realizing stealth technology. The use of stealth materials in the weapon system can reduce the detection rate, improve its own survival rate, increase offensiveness, and obtain the most direct military benefits. Therefore, the development of stealth materials and their application on aircraft, main battle tanks, ships, and missiles will become an important part of high-tech national defense. For ground weapons and equipment, it mainly prevents the detection of air radar or infrared equipment, radar-guided weapons and laser-guided b...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B32/205
Inventor 李宜彬袁野赫晓东杨明龙尹维龙李建军
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH