A rapid cultivation method for horizontal long main vines of grapes in northern buried soil cultivation area

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fruit tree cultivation, and specifically provides a method for quickly cultivating horizontally long main vines of grapes in the northern soil-buried cultivation area. The steps are as follows: 1) After the seedlings are planted, one new shoot is selected as the main vine for cultivation, and the growth of the remaining new shoots is restricted. ; 2) When the main vine grows to 1.2-1.5 meters, it is tied to the high-level horizontal lead wire on the shelf in the planting, so that the growth direction is transformed from vertical to horizontal and forward, and all auxiliary shoots are topped; 3) Fertilizer and water management in the growing season to meet the demand; 4) After autumn, promote the maturity of branches, prevent early frost and delay the leaf defoliation period; 5) Cut long and keep the main vines in winter, and then bury them for the winter. The method of the present invention concentrates on cultivating the main vines, delays the leaf defoliation period to enrich the nutrient return branches and tendrils, overcomes the germination barrier in the coming year, and cuts the main vines long in winter. Generally, 1-2 meters can be left in the year of planting, and can be selected again in the second year of planting. More than 2 meters, greatly improving the effective utilization rate of vine growth, realizing the rapid formation of vines, and easy to comprehensively control the tree vigor.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fruit tree cultivation, and in particular relates to a rapid cultivation method for horizontally long main vines of grapes in a soil-buried cultivation area in the north. Background technique [0002] In most of the northern regions where grapes are buried in soil, due to the dry and cold weather conditions in winter and spring, the heat preservation and moisture retention of grape branches and vines are particularly important. The cultivation habit of burying grape branches and vines in the soil for overwintering has been used for thousands of years. [0003] When the grape cultivation in the buried area in the north is shaped like a dragon stem, the management method of the main spreading long shoot of the grape vine is basically the same as that of other new shoots. When pruning in the dormant season before winter, the pruning of the extended shoot Most of the remaining length is only about 50-80 centimeters, so...

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Problems solved by technology

If the extended shoots are extended during winter pruning, due to the dry and cold weather conditions in winter and spring, the long extended shoots often have serious germination obstacles after winter and spring, which will also limit the rapid growth of grapevines.

[0004] The commonly used grape vine shaping method in the buried area in the north has the following defects: (1) The tree body is formed too slowly, and the fruiting period for entering a stable tree body structure is longer; (2) The number of bud eyes left after pruning or Too few or too concentrated in the middle and rear, the density of branches and leaves in summer is too high, the permeability of the shelf surface is poor, and the pressure on the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests on branches, leaves and fruits is relatively high; The number of points is relatively small, and the auxiliary shoots of grapes grow repeatedly, resulting in a large amount of labor to clean the auxiliary shoots on the shelf surface, and the labor cost is relatively high; (4) The growth and utilization efficiency of grape branches is low, and the characteristics of grape vines and summer The concentrated high heat makes the accumulative annual growth of new auxiliary shoots of vines in most of the buried cultivation areas in northern China be tens of meters or even more than a hundred meters. It is removed as unnecessary auxiliary shoots, and the amount of branches left in winter pruning is also low. The branches that could be used for the next year's fruiting are cut off excessively, and the utilization rate is low.

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